Study carefully the diagrams below and use it to answer questions 3 (a) to 3 (c)

(a)      Name the parts labelled 1 to 1V                                                     [2 marks]
(b)     State four functions of the substance(s) produced by the part labelled    1                                     [4 marks]
(c)     State four effects of the substances secreted by the part labelled 1V           [4 marks]
This question was attempted by many candidates but there was a mix up in many of their responses. In addition, candidates could not state the functions of the pituitary gland and the effects of Adrenalin.

OBSERVATION

The expected answers were:
(a) 1 - Pituitary gland
11 - Thyroid gland/parathyroid
111 - Pancreas/Islets of langerhans
1V - Adrenal gland/suprarenals

(b) - stimulates growth;
- produces anti-diuretic hormone;
- controls the production of ova;
- regulates the activities of other endocrine glands;
- induces ovulation in females;
- regulates secretion of milk/lactation;
- assist in the production of hydrocortisone.

(c) Four effects of 1V/adrenaline
- increases rate of heartbeat/heart rate;
- increases rate of breathing;
- regulates blood sugar level;
- tones muscles for action;
- stimulates metabolism;
- dilates blood vessel;
- inhibits the peristalsis of the gut;
- anxiety.