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Question 3
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Identify specimens E, F, G and H.
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Name the part of the plant usually attacked by each of specimens E, F, G and H.
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Give two ways by which each of the specimens damages crops. State three methods of controlling specimen E.
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[2 marks] [2 marks] [8 marks] [3 marks]
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This question was not easily tackled by the candidates. In 3(a), most of the candidates were unable to identify specimens E (Maize weevil); F (Cotton strainer bug/Dysdercus); G (Termite) and H (Grasshopper).
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In 3(b), some of the candidates could not name the part of the plant usually attacked by each of specimens E, F, G and H.
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The expected answers include:
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Parts of plant attacked by specimen
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E Maize grains
F Cotton bolls/okro fruits/akee apple
- G Crop stems/roots/grains of lodged Cereals
- H Plants leaves and young shoots
- Also, in 3(c) and (d), majority of the candidates could neither give ways by which each of the specimens (i.e. E, F, G and H) damages crops nor state methods of controlling specimen E.
- The expected answers include:
- Damages caused to crops:
- Bores into the grains of maize and creates holes Destroys the embryo and hence prevents germination Eats the endosperm and reduces food value
- Vents created serve as sites for secondary infections
- Specimen F (Dysdercus/cotton strainer bug)
- Pierces into mature cotton bolls/okro fruit/akee apple Stains the cotton lint
- Vents created serve as sites for secondary infection Prevents good fruit formation in okro
- Causes premature drop of fruits
- Specimen G (Termite)
- Chews the stem and roots of plants and tubers Destroys seed grains lying on the field
- Weakens the stem and roots of plants and makes them to lodge Also creates tunnels for secondary infection
- . Causes defoliation of crops
- Young shoots are destroyed
- Wounds left on the crops can serve as site for secondary infection Buds are also destroyed
- Reduces the photosynthetic ability of crop plants Reduces the growth of crop plants
- Methods of controlling specimens E (Maize Weevil
- Dry grains very well before storing Harvest early soon after prying
- Store grains in air-tight containers hermetic storage Apply pesticides to the grains before storage Fumigate storage facilities
- Using smoke to kill or ward off the weevils
- . Store grains in hot dried pepper/neem extracts
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