waecE-LEARNING
Health Science Paper 3, Nov/Dec 2013  
Questions: 1 2 3 4 5 Main
General Comments
Weakness/Remedies
Strength

Question 4
  1. (a)   (i)   What is a pathogen?                                                                        [2 marks]
           (ii)   Copy and complete the table below.


    Vector

    One pathogen carried

    One disease caused

    One method of control

    Housefly

     

     

     

    Tsetsefly

     

     

     

    Flea

     

     

     

    Blackfly

     

     

     

                                                                                                                     [ 12 marks ]

      •  State three advantages of exercise                                                     [ 3 marks ]
      •  State three reasons why an individual should rest                              [ 3 marks ]
       
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

observation

 This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was fair.  In part (a)(i) candidates could not correctly define pathogen and in (a)(ii) candidates correctly copied and completed the table provided.  In part (b) candidates could not state advantages of exercise although, only few of them missed the track.  In part (c) candidates could not also state reasons why an individual should rest.  They also took rest to mean sleep.
       The expected answers are as follows:
       4 (a)(i)   Pathogen

           Pathogen is an organism that cause disease in a person/other living organism

  •  Completed table     

Vector

One pathogen carried

One disease caused

One method of control

Houseflies

Bacteria/named

Dysentery/cholera

1) Prevent flies from  
    reaching food   
2) Prevent flies from 
    faeces
3) tight fitting lids on  
    wastes bins
4) empty waste bins
     regularly
5)  cover food.
6)  boil/purify drinking
     water
7) isolation of victim
8) Mass vaccination

Tsetse flies

Protozoan/trypanosomes

Sleeping sickness /trypanosomiasis

  • clear bush around dwellings
  • spray bush with insecticides
  • inoculate all cattle/live stocks

 

Flea

bacteria

Plague

  • regular washing of body and clothing
  • keep rats out of the house
  • regular sweeping/ scrubbing of the floor

 

  • spray pet animals with insecticides

Black flies

Onchocerca /microfilaria

River blindness onchocerciasis

  •  spray to eradicate black flies
  • Prevent bites from black flies.

                                                                                                  
(b)    Advantages of exercise

  • strengthens the muscles/bones/good muscle tone
  • strengthens the heart/improves blood circulation
  • ventilates the hungs
  • release tension/stress and promotes well-being/good health
  • stimulates growth
  • improves posture/appearance
  • reduces obesity/excess fats
  • improves mental alertness
  • reduces risk of cardiovascular diseases/blood pressure
  • improves quality of sleep

                                                    
(c)      Reasons for rest
           -   to relax the muscle
           -   prevent tension/stress/boredom/fatigue/high blood pressure
           -   regain energy/strength
           -   feel refreshed
           -   aid healing process.
                                                  

Powered by Sidmach Technologies(Nigeria) Limited .
Copyright © 2013 The West African Examinations Council. All rights reserved.