Question 1
(a) State five management practices that are carried out daily on a livestock farm. [ 5 marks ]
(b) Mention five devices that could be used in restraining farm animals. [ 5 marks ]
(c) Name four structures used for housing livestock. [4 marks ]
Observation
This question was not popular among the candidates. Majority of them could neither state the management practices that are carried out daily on a livestock farm nor mention the devices that could be used in restraining farm animals as required in 1(a-b). However, most of the candidates were able to name the structures that could be used for housing livestock as required in 1(c). Although, most of them could not outline the steps involved in branding cattle as required in 1(d).
The expected answers include:
1(a) Management practices that are carried out daily on a livestock farm
- Feeding/supply of diet/ration/grazing
- Cleaning of feeders
- Washing of drinkers
- Record keeping
- Inspection of animals/detection of sick animals/culling/Removal of
dead animals
- Cleaning/ washing of the pen/house
- Provision of water/water supply
- Collection of eggs in poultry
- Observing for signs of heat/heat detection
- Inspection of surroundings/security
- Milking of lactating animals
- Treatment of unhealthy/ sick animals
(b) Devices that could be used in restraining farm animals
- Binder e.g. wing., horn, leg etc.
- Halter
- Electric fence
- Muzzles
- Lasso
- Cradle
- Crush/chute
- Gags
- Cages/pen/baskets
- Rope
- Twitches
- Nose rings
(d) Steps involved in branding cattle
- Determine the brand design
- Determine the method e.g. freeze branding
- Assemble the tools to be used
- Condition the branding tool to the appropriate temperature
- Secure / restrain the animal
- Place the hot branding tool/ iron on the intended part of the body
of the animal
- Remove the hot branding tool
- Apply antiseptic cream on the burn/dress the burn/wound/injury
- Release the animal.