Observation

This question was quite popular among the candidates. Majority of them were able to name the parts of the reproductive system of bull and hen as well as the function of each part. Few candidates failed to give correct spelling of terms and thus lost some marks. Most candidates do not know the enzyme(s) involved in the digestion of monogastrics and failed to indicate the mechanical and chemical aspects of digestion starting from the mouth of the pig.

The expected answers include:

3. (a)   Parts of the reproductive system of:
(i)        bull
-  seminal vesicle    -           Testis
-  spermatic cord    -           Scrotum
-  Urethra        -           Penis
-  Epididymis     -           Vas deferens
-   cowpers gland -           prostate gland

(ii)       hen
-   Ovary/ova/ovum  -   shell gland/utherus
-  funnel/infundibulum/fallopian tube     -      cloaca
-  vagina -   magnum/ampulla          

- sphincter    -    isthmus
(b)      Functions of parts named
            Bull
Testis:- sperm production, secretion of hormones
Scrotum:- covers the testis, regulate the temperature of the testis
Urethra:- passage for semen/sperm
Penis:- corpulatory organ, discharge and deposition of semen into the   
reproductive organ of female
Epididymis:- transportation, concentration and storage of semen
Vas deferens :- passage for sperm/semen into urethra.
Seminal vesicle: produces a sugar rich fluid (fructose) for energy
Spermatic cord: supplies blood, nutrient and oxygen
Cowper’s gland: secretes fluid that lubricate the urethra, neutralizes acidity
caused by the residual drops of urine.
Prostate gland: increases the volume of the ejaculate; helps to nourish the sperm; promotes movement of spermatozoon.

Hen
Ovary:-Production of ova, secretion of hormones
Funnel:- Passage of ova into magnum, fertilization of ova
Magnum:- Secretion of albumen, formation of chalaza
Shell gland/uterus:- Formation and deposition of shell; adds water to swell up the egg, deposits minerals
Vagina:- Corpulatory organ, temporary storage of egg
Sphincter:- Contracts to hold egg in vagina or relaxes to release egg into cloaca
Cloaca:- Opening for laying egg
Isthmus: secretes shell membrane; determines shape of the egg.

(c)      Process of digestion of cassava tuber in the mouth of a pig
-           tuber is chewed/ground with teeth/masticated to reduce size
-           saliva is secreted by salivary gland
-           food is mixed with saliva to make it soft/moist/lubricated
-           amylase from saliva acts to break down starch to maltose
-           food is rolled in by tongue, pushed back and swallowed