Observation

 

Most of the candidates who attempted this question performed poorly as they could not provide the required responses to the various parts of the question.  The required responses to the various parts of the question are as follows:

• (i)

Vee type of cylinder arrangement

 

(ii)

in-line type of cylinder arrangement

(iii)

Horizontally opposed type of cylinder arrangement

 

(b)       
(i)         Cylinder Block:-

            -           It provide mounting for all the engine components.
-           It holds the cylinders together rigidly in position.
-           The cylinder block forms part of the Crankcase which houses the Crankshaft.
-           It provides passages for both water and lubricating oil.        

(ii)        Cylinder head:-

            -           It provides  a seal for the top part of the Cylinder block.
-           It provides a space for combustion.
-           It provides mounting for the inlet and exhaust manifolds.
-           It also houses the valve assembly.

• Connecting rod:-

 

• It converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion.
• It connects the piston to the Crankshaft.
• The connecting rod also transfers motion from the piston to the Crankshaft.

 

(c)        -           cast iron
-           alluminium alloys