Observation

The candidates who performed well in this question were able to identify the biological activities in X, Y and Z. Hence, they were able to name some main biological systems and associated organs in humans that are involved in the activities in X and Y. Majority of the candidates that could not answer the question were guessing as they could not relate biological systems and organs to the diagram.

Some candidates could not name the biological systems that become functional when the activity in Z is carried out, although, some of them could state the advantages of the activity in Z to the human body.

Many candidates got the question on the fate of excess consumption of some food substances wrong as majority were guessing and giving vague answers like excess consumption of carbohydrate gives kwashiorkor.

The expected answers are:

1. (a) (i) Biological activities in X, Y and Z
X- Eating/biting/ingesting/feeding

Y- Fluting/playing/blaring flute/playing musical instrument;

Z- Drinking/sniffing/inhaling/tasting

(ii) Main biological system and associated organs in humans involved in the activities illustrated in X and Y



(iii) Biological systems that become functional when the activity in Z is carried out
- Digestive;
- Excretory;
- Circulatory;
- Nervous;
- Skeletal;
- Muscular.

(b) Advantages of the activity in Z to the human body
- Provides medium for digestion;

- Flushes out toxins/excretory products;

- Prevents constipation;

- Quenches thirst;

- Required for the transport of nutrients/hormones/enzymes in the body/circulation;

- Needed for homeostasis/osmoregulation/lowers body temperature/prevents dehydration;

- Necessary for sweat / urine formation.

(c) Fate of excessive consumption of the listed food types in the human body