Observation

Most candidates performed well in (a) part of the question. Many candidates mixed up the answers in (b) and (c) parts of the question. They could not relate the question to advantages and disadvantages of tourism as it affects the economy, society and environment. 

The expected responses are.

(a)   Tourism is the movement of individuals from one place to another to seek for pleasure.                                                                                                                                                         
(b)   Negative effects of tourism on each of the following:

1.             Economy

• It leads to rise in prices due to extra demand at tourist sites.
• It leads to increase in the cost of buildings because of increase in the demand for estates.

2.             Society

• Social vices are most prevalent at tourist sites.
• Tourist activities usually contaminate cultural values of the host countries.      

3.             Environment

• Tourism brings about destruction to the natural habitats at tourist sites.
• Continuous use of the lawns creates footpaths.
• Littering may also occur as tourists continuously frequent tourist sites.
• There is also congestion and environmental pollution from vehicles and cruise ships that travel to tourist destinations.
• There is too much pressure on local resources such as water and electricity which could lead to shortages in areas visited.

                                                                                                     
(c) Positive effects of tourism on each of the following:

1.             Economy

• Tourism provides employment and therefore generates income for those engaged in it.
• Businesses engaged in tourism also pay taxes to government and this helps in the growth of the economy.
• Tourism provides foreign exchange for the economy.

2.             Society

•   Tourism creates pride for peoples’ cultures and traditions by encouraging sharing of local

 customs and traditions.

• It creates cross cultural understanding between people of different origins.
•  Peace and unity will exist among people of different cultures due to mutual understanding.
•  It enhances the provision of social services at tourist sites.

3.             Environment

• Many tourists are interested in watching beautiful scenery and wildlife and there is pressure on communities to conserve habitats and wildlife.
• Natural landscapes of tourist sites are protected.
• It leads to beautification of the environment.