Question 1
- State one difference between a Hartley oscillator and a Colpitts oscillator.
- State two conditions for oscillation.
- List four types of frequency oscillators other than the ones mentioned in 1(a).
- Write an expression for the frequency of a series RLC circuit at resonance.
The expected responses were:
(a) The main difference is that the Colpitts oscillator uses a tapped capacitor while Hartley’s oscillator uses a tapped inductor arrangement.
(b) Conditions for oscillation
- Positive feedback
- Magnitude of product of open loop gain and feedback factor = 1
- Phase of product of open loop gain and feedback factor = 0 or 2k pi
(c) Other types of Transistor oscillator types
- Wien Bridge oscillator
- Relaxation oscillators
- Crystal oscillators
- Phase shift oscillator
- Negative resistance oscillator
- Voltage-controlled oscillator
- Armstrong (or Tickler) oscillator
- Tuned collector oscillator
(d) Expression for frequency of a series RLC circuit ar resonance
At resonance, and in terms of capacitance ‘C’, and inductance L’, frequency is given by
According to the Chief Examiner, while majority of the candidates that attempted this question were able to list the different types of oscillators, a few of them could not recall the expression for resonance frequency of the RLC circuit.