waecE-LEARNING
Financial Accounting1,NOV/DEC 2013  
Questions: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Main
General Comments
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Weakness/Remedies





question 4
Theory of Financial Accounting

Explain the following in respect of a company.
  • Limited liability;
  • Ordinary shareholders;
  • Preference shareholders;
  • Debenture holder;
  • Authorized share capital.
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observation

Majority of the candidates’ that attempted this question performed poorly.  The expected  answers are:
                    (a)        Limited Liability:
                                    -           This implies that, in the event of liquidation, the liability of the share-holders are limited to the value of shares held.
                        (b)        Ordinary Shareholders:
                                    -           This type of shareholders is the true owners of the company;
                                    -           They are the last of the shareholders to receive dividend;
                                    -           They are paid dividend after other classes of shareholders have been paid;
                                    -           The payment of their dividend depends on what Board of Directors declared;
                                    -           They are entitled to no dividend if not profit is made for that year;
                                    -           They have voting rights at Annual General Meetings (AGM)
                        (c)        Preference Shareholders:
                                    -           They are entitled to a fixed rate  of dividend;
                                    -           Holders receive dividend before the ordinary shareholders;
                                    -           In time of liquidation, they are paid before the ordinary                                                                   shareholders.
                        (d)       Debenture Holders:
                                    -           They are creditors of the company;
                                    -           Holders receive a fixed interest on their investment;
                                    -           Holders are paid interest before profits are declared;
                                    -           In time of liquidation, debenture holders are paid before the shareholders.
                        (e)        Authorized Share Capital:
                                    -           This is the total of the share capital which the company is allowed to issue to shareholders;
                                    -           This is the total capital applied for by the company as stated in the                                                  Memorandum of Association and approved by the Registrar of Companies.

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