Question 5
(a) List four methods involved in capture fisheries. [4 marks]
(b)Mention four ways of reducing high plankton turbidity in a fish pond. [4 marks]
(c)State four ways of managing hatchlings in a fish pond hatchery. [4 marks]
(d)(i) Name three by-products of fish. [3 marks]
(ii) Name one use of each of the by-products named in 5(d)(i). [3 marks]
(e) Mention two materials used for mending fish net. [2 marks]
Observation
This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was good. In Question 5(a), the methods were used interchangeably with the gear. Candidates also mixed fish by-products were mixed with the products and uses.
The expected answers are as follows:
(a) Methods involved in capture fisheries
- Hook and line method/ long lining
- Cast netting
- Set netting/gill netting/ netting
- Trawling
- Trapping
- Harpooning/ spearing
- Purse seining
- Trolling
- Noodling/ fishing with hand/ flounder tramping
(b) Ways of reducing high plankton turbidity in fish ponds
- Stop manuring
- Add fresh clean water
- Aerate the water
- Flush the pond / drain and replace the water/ change water regularly
- Lime the water
- Use of algaecides
(c) Ways of managing hatchings in a fish pond hatchery
- Maintain optimum water quality
- Feed with natural fish food
- Introduce artificial feed based on size
- Remove/ siphon dead and unfertilised eggs/ unhatched eggs
- Maintain clean environment/ maintain good sanitation
- Remove shooter / jumpers
- Transfer to grow-out / production pond / tanks
(d) (i) By-products of fish
- Fish oil/ fish liver oil
- Fish skin
- Shells/ scales
- Fish entrails
- Fish bones, gills and fins
(ii) Uses of fish by-products
Fish oil
- source of food
- medicine
Fish skin
- For making bags, belts, shoes/ leather
- Skin grafting
Shells/ scales
- Medicine and pharmaceuticals
- Cleaning / scorching powder
- Decoration
Fish entrails
- Manufacture animal feed
- As bait for fishing
- For manure / fertilizer
Fish bones, gills and fins
- To manufacture animal feed
- Decoration
- Medicine
(e) Materials used for mending fishing net
- Mending needle
- Twine
- Netting material / netting
- Knife