Observation

 

This question was attempted by most candidates, majority of whom scored above average marks. The question required candidates to mention five basic machines used in shoe production, explain two uses of roughing machine and state three differences between leather and rubber in the (a), (b) and (c) parts of the question respectively. Few of the candidates mentioned the tools rather than machines used in shoe production in the (a) part. Most of the candidates were able to provide the uses of roughing machine, however only a few of them could state the differences between leather and rubber in the (b) and (c) parts of the question respectively.

         

 

(a)      (i)       Sewing machine.
           (ii)      Sole trimmer.
          (iii)     Sole attaching machine.
          (iv)     Leather cutter.
           (v)      Skiving machine.
          (vi)     Spraying/polishing machines.
           (vii)    Lasting machine.
           (viii)   Roughing machine.
          (ix)     Heat activator.
           (x)      Eyelet fitting machine.

(b)     

(i)       Creating rough surfaces for leather and any other part of the shoe to give good attachment.
(ii)      Reducing the edges of constructed soles e.g. macro.
(iii)     Smoothing the edges of leather soles.
(iv)     Scudding the leather surface to get the desired smoothness or thickness.
(v)      Trimming off the unwanted portion of the leather parts. 

(c)                                Leather                                                            Rubber
 

           (i)       Have perspiration.                                              Have no perspiration.
           (ii)      They are smaller in size.                                    The sizes are determined by mold.
           (iii)     They have better bonding properties.                They don’t have good bonding properties.
           (iv)     They have low water repellant properties.         They have better repellant properties.
           (v)      They are costly.                                                 They are cheaper in cost.
           (vi)     They are durable.                                               They are less durable.
           (vii)    They have heat resistant property.                     They cannot resist heat.
           (viii)   They are obtained from natural source only.     They are from both natural and synthetic          
                                                                                                sources.