Most candidates were able to name and sketch the types of halving joint correctly.  However, they failed to:

• state the precautions that should be taken when nailing;
• name types of wood stain;
• state the reasons for staining wood.

      The expected response to question 3 is as given below:

      3(a)            Precautions that should be taken in nailing operations

-Select the proper nail for the job.
-For greatest holding power, always nail the thinner piece of wood to the thicker    
  piece
-Do not place nails in a straight line as this tends to split the wood.
-When nailing thin materials which split easily, holes to accommodate the nails 
  should be made with a bradawl.
- Hold the handle of the hammer close to the end.

             (b)       Halving joints

-Dovetail halving
-T- halving
-Cross halving.

            Sketch of Halving Joints

Dovetail halving  T-halving  Cross halving joint
           
(c) (i)   Types of wood stain

                        -           water stains
                        -           spirit stains
                        -           oil stains
                        -           chemical stains

            (ii)        Reasons for staining wood:
                        -           to obtain uniform colour
                        -           to change colour of timber to a desired colour
                        -           to colour a job to match or harmonize with existing colour
                        -           to improve the appearance of cheap wood.