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Agricultural Science Paper 3, Nov/Dec 2008  
Questions: 1 2 3 4   Main
General Comments
Weakness/Remedies
Strength

































































Question 4

The table below shows some diseases of livestock.  Complete the table by giving the causal organism, three symptoms and two control measures of each disease.

          Disease

Causal organism

    Symptoms

Control measures

(a)  Foot and mouth

 

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

(i)
(ii)

(b)  Anthrax

 

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

(i)
(ii)

( c ) Ringworm

 

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

(i)
(ii)

(d)  Coccidiosis

 

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

(i)
(ii)

(e)  Rinderpest

 

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

(i)
(ii)

                                                                                                                     (15 marks)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
OBSERVATION

This question was not popular with the candidates.  In 4(a-e), most of the candidates were unable to complete the table by giving the causal organism, symptoms and control measures of each disease.

The expected answers include:

Disease

Causal
organism

        Symptoms

  Control  measures

(a)Foot and  mouth

Virus

  • -  sores on feet, lips,  tongue
        and cheeks.
  • excessive salivation in the mouth.
  • Foaming.
  • Inability to eat.
  • Weakness.
  • Lameness and death.
  • Reduction in yield.
  • Weight loss.
  • vaccination
  • isolation of diseased
    animals from healthy
    ones.
  • burn/bury dead
    animals deeply.
  • Good farm hygiene.

(b) Anthrax

Bacterium

  • loss of appetite
  • sudden death.
  • Very high fever.
  • blood oozes from
    nose, mouth and
    anus of animal.
  • swelling in the
    neck, genitals andlower abdomen.
  • vaccination
  • carcass must be
    burnt or buried
    deeply in quicklime
  • avoid opening up carcass of infected animals.
  • good farm hygiene. 

( c)  Ringworm

Fungus

  • Lesions or scab on the skin of
    the animal.
  • Falling off of the animal's hairs.
  • Lesions appear as patches of
    baldness on the ear, withers, head.
  • In poultry the Combs and wattles produce grey patches.
  • Maintain clean      conditions/sanitation .
  • Isolate infected
    animals.
  • Treat with iodine
    as surface dressing.

(d)  Coccidiosis

Protozoon

  • Ruffled feathers
  • Drooping wings
  • Diarrhoea.
  • Blood in the droppings.
  • Drop in feed intake leading to
    loss of weight. 
  • Squatting with head tucked under  the wing.
  • Maintain high
    hygienic condition.
  • Disinfect poultry
    houses before stocking.
  • Use coccidiostats.
  •  Treat with sulpha
    drugs in the water.
(e) Rinderpest

 

Virus

  •  Dull, rough looking coats
  • Temperature rises to 40.6oC.
  • Diarrhoea
  • Sores in the mouth
  • Refusal to eat.
  • A thick discharge from nostrils
    and tears from eyes.
  • Severe loss of appetite.
  • Large sores sometimes appear on the skin.
  • Difficult breathing.
  • Animals grind their teeth.
  • Dribbling of blood stain and bubbling saliva.
  • Weakness due to dehydration.
  • Foul odour of faeces.
  • Death may occur.
  • Reduced yield.
  • Vaccination
  • Isolation of diseased animal (Quarantine)
  • Kill and bury deeply infected animals.
  • Good farm hygiene.
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