(a)        Explain the following terms:
                                    (i)         toughness;
                                    (ii)        malleability.

(b)        (i)         State two properties of moulding sand.
             (ii)        State the function of parting sand used in casting.
(c) What is a kerf of a hacksaw blade?

(d) (i)  Explain why an old hacksaw blade cuts a narrower groove than a new blade.
(ii) State a precaution to be observed when chiselling a groove in cast iron.