waecE-LEARNING
Further Mathematics Paper 2, Nov/Dec. 2010  
Questions: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Main
General Comments
Weakness/Remedies
Strength
Question 9

Points A(2, 1) and 8(4, -5) lie on a circle. If line 2xn - y -13 = 0 is a tangent to the circle at 8, find the:
(a) coordinates of the centre of the circle;
(b) equation of the circle

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Observation

This question was reportedly poorly attempted by majority of the candidates. According to the report, majority of the candidates exhibited poor understanding of the topic, judging from their responses.
Candidates were expected to apply two theorems, to solving this problem. They are:
(1) A straight line drawn from the centre of a circle to a tangent to the circle is perpendicular to the tangent.
(2) The distance from the centre of a circle to any point on its circumference is constant.
This is illustrated below:

From the diagram,∠OBT = 90° and /0A/ = /OB/. Hence, candidates were expected to show that since /0A/ = /OB/, then (x - 2)² + (y - 1)² = (x - 4)² + (y + 5)² expanding this equation and simplifying gave x - 3y = 9. Also,OB and BT are perpendicular and slope of BT = 2. Therefore, (slope of OB) x (slope of BT) = -1. i.e. y+5 = -!. Simplifying
                                                                                                                                                              x-4     2
this equation, we have  2y + x = -6. By solving x - 3y = 9 and 2y + x = -6 simultaneously,we obtain the coordinates of the centre (x,Y) as (0, -3). Radius of the circle =√(0 - 2)² + (-3 - 1)² =√20.
Thus the equation of the circle = (X-0)² + (y + 3)² = √20. After a little computation, we obtained X² ++ 6y-11 = o.

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