Observation

Emphasis on sequential steps of how the burdizzo is used during castration contributed to candidates’ abysmal performance in Question (a). Many candidates failed to mention restraint of animal and disinfection of the spermatic cord. Some candidates referred to crushing of the scrotum instead of the spermatic cord during castration.

The expected answers include:

(a)        Description of how specimen B (Burdizzo) is used on farm animals

                               -    Restrain/restrict/secure/hold the animal in position
-    Clean the skin around the spermatic cord/vas deferens with methylated spirit/any other appropriate disinfectant                    
-    Feel/palpate the scrotum to search for the spermatic cord                       
-    Push/place the cords sideways in the jaws/spincers of the burdizzo
-    Press the handle of the burdizzo with the right hand to crush the spermatic cord
-    Release pressure after ensuring that the spermatic cord is crushed
-    Disinfect/Treat the point of application of the burdizzo on the body of the animal
-    Release the animal
                                                     
(b)      Uses of specimens C (Neck/collar tag), D (Spanner) and E (Kerosene/hurricane lamp)

                Specimen C (Neck/collar tag) 
-    Numbering of farm animals                      
-    Identification of farm animals
-    For tracking/monitoring  farm animals
-    For accurate record keeping of farm animals
-    Helps in setting dispute over stolen or strayed stock
                                                                                                                                    
                Specimen D (Spanner)
-   Loosening of bolts/nuts

-   Tightening of bolts/nuts
-   For gripping and turning screw                                                                                                    
                Specimen E (Kerosene/hurricane lamp)
-    Provision of light/illumination on the farm/in livestock building
-    Brooding of chicks/provision of heat/warmth to chicks  
-    Candling of eggs
                                                                                    
(c)       Other farm tools that could be used in place of specimens B (Burdizzo) and E (Kerosene/hurricane lamp)

 Specimen B (Burdizzo)
-   Emasculator                                                 -   Rubber ring/Elastrator                             
-   Electro-castrator/castrator                            -   Surgical blade
-   Incision knife
                        
Specimen E (Kerosene/hurricane lamp)
-   Electric bulb                                                -   Kerosene stove                
-   Candle light                                                 -   Chargeable light
-   Coal pot                                                       -   Gas lamp/lantern