Observation

This question was very difficult for the candidates as they could not provide the required responses to the various parts of the question.  The required responses to the various part of the question are:

(a)        The purpose of the steering unit is:
-           to enable the driver to control accurately the path taken by the vehicle at all times  OR
-           to convert the rotary motion of the steering wheel to reciprocating (backward and forward) motion.

(b)        (i)         Castor angle is the angle formed with the vertical when the king pin is tilted
backward at the top.

(ii)         King pin inclination is the angle between the centre line of the king pin and the vertical when the king pin is tilted inward at the top.

(iii)        Toe out is the amount by which the front wheels are set farther apart at the front than the rear OR the alignment of the front wheels such that the front part is wider than the rear.

(c)        Types of dampers are:

                        -           Telescopic type, piston, direct-acting or hydraulic type.
-           The lever arm, hydraulic or piston type.
-           Dry-friction type.

(d)        The difference between a cross-ply tyre and the radial type is that the cross-ply tyre has its plies run across each other at 450 to the bead while the radial cross-ply type has its plies run radially at right angles to the bead.

(e)        The principle of the hydraulic type of brake system is that fluid enclosed in a system has equal pressure transmitted in all directions.