Question 2
The table below shows the percentage composition of fat and protein in six different meat types. Study it and answer questions 2(a) to 2(d).
Meat type |
Fat (%) |
Protein (%) |
|---|---|---|
A |
07.2 |
21.3 |
B |
25.3 |
10.6 |
C |
20.0 |
22.5 |
D |
03.1 |
28.2 |
E |
12.6 |
17.3 |
F |
13.2 |
14.3 |
(ii)State one reason for the answer in 2(a)(i). [1 mark]
(b)(i) Which two of the meat types would provide the most energy?[2 marks]
(ii) State two reasons for the answer in 2(b)(i). [2 marks]
(c) (i) Which three of the meat types could be recommended for a child suffering from kwashiorkor? [3 marks]
(ii) State one reason for the answer in 2(c)(i) [1 mark]
(d) Which of the meat types would most likely be suitable for:
(i) an active teenager; [1 mark]
(ii) a 70-year old human? [1 mark]
(e) Which other class of food provides energy? [1 mark]
(f) State three uses of fat in the human body. [3 marks]
(g) Describe briefly the procedure for testing for fat in a meat sample using a piece of white paper. [3 marks]
Observation
This question was the most popular question. Most of the candidates performed satisfactorily well in this question especially candidates that read food substances and their constituents very well.
Some candidates could not relate fat and protein requirements of humans to ages, hence could not make appropriate recommendations; some could also not state the reason meat types A and D could be recommended for an obese patient because of their low fat contents.
Some candidates could not also state other meat types that provide energy.
Few candidates could also not state the uses of fat in the human body while those that stated it could not give salient points that are required.
The procedure for testing for fat was not properly followed but the appearance of translucent sot on the white paper was mentioned by many candidates.
The expected answers are:
2. (a)(i)Meat type that may be recommended for an obese patient
A; D.
(ii)Reason for meat types
Meat types A and D have lower fat content compared to the other meat types.
b (i)Meat type that would provide most energy
B; C.
(ii)Reason
They have the highest fat composition/content; when oxidised would release much energy.
c (i)Meat type that may be recommended for a child suffering from kwashiorkor
A, C, D and E.
(ii) Reason
A child suffering from kwashiorkor is deficient in/lacks adequate amount of protein; needs more protein; and meat types A, C, D and E have high protein contents.
d (i)Meat type that may be recommended for a child suffering from kwashiorkor
A; B; C; D; E; F/all meat types.
(ii) Meat type most suitable for a 70-year old human
A; D
(e)Other class of food that provides energy
Carbohydrate
(f)Uses of fat in the human body
- provides insulation;
- generates heat;
- provides energy;
- protects vital organs;
- forms part of the cell membrane/formation of phospholipids;
- smoothens the skin;
- forms solvent for some fat soluble vitamins/vitamin A,D,E,K.
(g)Procedure of testing for fat in a meat sample using white paper
- The meat sample is rubbed against piece of (white) paper;
- and allowed to dry;
- a translucent spot on the paper;
- confirms the presence of fat in the meat sample.