Question 4
(a) State the function of each of the following in relation to formwork
conbstruction:
(i) cleat;
(ii) head tree;
(iii) prop.
(b) List four methods of transporting fresh concrete on site.
(c) List three components of a solid ground floor
(d) state one purpose of an arch in wall construction.
Observation
Most candidates were able to:
- list four methods of transporting fresh concrete on site.
- List three components of a solid ground floor;
- State one function of an arch in wall construction.
However, Majority of them were unable to state the function of cleat, head tree and prop.
The expected response to question 4 is as given below:
4. (a) Functions of the following parts of a formwork:
- Cleat
It keeps the side boards of formwork in position
(ii) Head tree
It provides support to the soffit boards
- Prop
It provides vertical support to the head tree
(b) Methods of Transporting Concrete on site:
- The use of wheelbarrow to transport fresh concrete on head;
- Using dumper or mechanical wheelbarrow;
- Pumping fresh concrete through pipeline;
- Carrying fresh concrete by head pan;
- The use of hoisting apparatus such as crane, skip, etc.
(c) Component of a Solid Ground Floor
(i) Earth / laterite filling;
(ii) Hardcore filling;
(iii) Concrete slab /oversite concrete;
(iv) Floor finish (i. e., floor screed, floor tiles, etc);
(v) Damp-proof membrane ( i.e. mastic asphalt, bitumen and other damp-
proofing materials).
- Purpose of an arch in wall opening:
(i) To support the load above the opening in a wall.
ii) To bridge over the opening in a wall.
(iii) To enhance aesthetic effect.