Observation

This question was also well attempted by the candidates. Majority of the candidates were able to differentiate between the terms fishery and fisheries as required in 4(a), but they could neither state the advantages of culture fisheries nor state the disadvantages of capture fisheries as required in 4(b)(i-ii). Further to this, most of the candidates were able to list the components of a fish pond, explain the terms polyculture and integrated fish farming as well as give examples of inorganic fertilizers that could be used in a fish pond as required in 4(c-e).

The expected answers were:

4 (b)     (i)         Advantages of culture fisheries

                        -           Restocking of natural water bodies (Provision of fish seed).
-           Production of bait fish.
-           Production of sport fish.
-           Fish farming is more efficient than other forms of agriculture.
-           It is an important source of protein.
-           Production of ornamental fish.
-           Fish supply is more sustainable.
-           Fish produced is relatively free of pollutants.
           
(ii)        Disadvantages of capture fisheries

-           Aquatic habitat degradation through physical destruction
-           Many fisheries have collapsed / are near collapse.
-           Insufficient catch to meet protein demand.
-           It has led to loss of income and jobs due to collapse of the    
fishery.
-           Pollution of natural water bodies from industries.
-           High cost of fishing/Input.