Candidates’ performance on question 4 was poor. The ‘a’ part of the question required candidates to state the effect of too much shortening, too little shortening, too much water and too little water on shortcrust pastry while the ‘b’ part required the factors to consider when selecting tomatoes for vegetable salad. In the ‘a’ part, candidates’ performance was woeful; it was obvious from their answers that they did not know the meaning of shortening hence their inability to answer the question. For the ‘b’ part of the questions, many of the few candidates that attempted question 4b were able to answer correctly.