Observation

Many candidates did not attempt this question and few candidates that attempted it did fair. In part (a)(i) majority of the candidates were able

types of bones. In part (a)(ii) they were unable to correctly match examples given with types of bones. In part (b) they did fair well in it. In

part (c)(i) majority of the candidates were able to state common sight defects, but some mentioned eyes diseases instead of defect. In part (c) (ii)

they did well in it, but some candidates mixed up their responses such as use of convex lens for correcting short sightedness.lth. In part (d) they did well in it

However, the expected answers are as follows:

1. 1. Types of bones
   
   
   • flat bone;
   
   
   • long bone;
   
   
   • short bon
   
   
   • irregular bone
   
   
   • sesamoid bone
   
   
   2. Two examples of each type of bone mentioned Flat bone
      
      • scapula.
      
      
      • pelvis.
      
      
      • skull/cranium.
      
      
      • ribs.
      
      
      • sternum.
      
      
   3. Long bone
   
   
   • femur.
   
   
   • fibula.
   
   
   • humerus.
   
   
   • radius.
   
   
   • tibia.
   
   
   • ulna.
   
   
   4. Short bone
   
   
   • carpals.
   
   
   • tarsals.
   
   
   • metacarpals.
   
   
   • metatarsal.
   
   
   • phalanges.
   
   
   5. Irregular bone
      
      
      
      • sacrum.
      
      
      • mandible.
      
      
      • maxilla.
      
      
      • coccyx.
      
      
      • Sesamoid bone
        
        • patella/knee cap.
        
        
        • pisiform.
        
        
2. Managing people with physical disabilitie Managing people with physical disabilities
   
   
   • providing emotional support/love/care.
   
   
   • using special vehicles and gadgets/wheel chairs.
   
   
   • providing exercise/special sports.
   
   
   • physiotherapy;
   
   
   • protecting them from exploitation/legislation.
   
   
   • training them in crafts at special centres for the disabled.
   
   
   • establishment of special schools for them.
   
   
   • avoid discrimination/equal opportunity.
   
   
   • providing disable friendly structures.
   
   
3. 1. • Sight defects
      
      
      • strabismus/squint eyes.
      
      
      • myopia/short sightedness.
      
      
      • presbyopia.
      
      
      • hypermetropia/long sightedness.
      
      
      • astigmatism.
      
      

   2. Correction of sight defects Strabismus

      
      
      • use of glasses/prisms.
      
      
      • vision therapy.
      
      
      • eye muscle therapy.
      
      

      Myopia/short sightedness

      
      
      • use of concave lens/diverging.
      
      

      Presbyopia

      
      
      • use of bifocal lenses
      
      

   Hypermetropia/long sightedness

   
   
   • use of convex lens/converging lens.
   
   

   Astigmatism

   
   
   • use soft contact lens.
   
   
   • use suitable bifocal lens.
   
   
   • use suitable cylindrical lens.