Health Education Paper 2 May/June 2015

Question 7

.(a)   Mention five factors that could affect human posture                     [ 5 marks ]
              
(b)  State two effects of incorrect posture on:                                              

(i) Physical appearance;
(ii)  body organs                                                                       [ 4 marks ]

(c)  Explain the following terms as used in health education;

(i)    safety education;
(ii)    accident.                                                                                  [6 marks ]

(d)  State five effects of hypothyroidism in humans                              [ 5 marks ]

Observation

This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was fair.  In part (a) (i) and (ii) candidates made mentioned factors that could affect human posture.  In part (b)(i) and (ii) candidates could not correctly state effects of incorrect posture on physical appearance and body organs instead, they listed types of posture.  In part (c) candidates correctly explained safety education and accident.  In part (d) candidates could not correctly state effects of hypothyroidism in humans, they stated wrong answers such as more sweat is produced when more blood flow is available as effects of hypothyroidism.

The expected answers are as follows:

  (a)        FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POSTURE

  • type of occupation
  • bad habit of walking/standing/sitting/lifestyle
  • age
  • heredity
  • environment
  • congenital problem
  • accident
  • imitation
  • nutritional deficiency factor
  •  

                                                                                   
    (b)      EFFECTS OF INCORRECT POSTURE ON

    (i)  PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

  • unattractive looking/poor physical appearance
  • deformity
  • inability to cope with daily task
  • sluggishness/clumsiness/uncoordinated movement
  •  

                                                                                   

                EFFECTS OF INCORRECT POSTURE ON

    (ii) BODY ORGANS

  • malfunction of the organs
  • damage of the organs/displaced organs
  • terminal/degenerative disease may set in/death
  • unhealthy condition/poor state of health
  •                                                            

    (c)        EXPLANATION OF TERMS AS USED IN HEALTH EDUCATION

  • SAFETY EDUCATION
  •  

    Is a planned programme; to provide knowledge, skill, right attitude and practical measures;
    which enable an individual to avoid injury and accident; in an environment.

                                                                                   

  •  ACCIDENT
  • Is the unexpected/unplanned event; that occur as a result of human activity; which cause death/injury/deformity and harm to person or property. 

                                                                                     
    (d)     EFFECTS OF HYPOTHYODISM

  • body temperature is low
  • metabolism is slowed down
  • the rate of heart beat is slowed down
  • physical activity is slow/sluggishness
  • memory activity is reduced
  • thick skin/myoedema is developed in adult
  • in adult body weight increases
  • cretinism in children/dwarfism in children
  • causes goitre

  •