Question 9
(a) (i) What is artificial insemination? [3 marks]
(ii) Give two examples of sexually transmitted infections. [2 marks]
(iii) List two causes each of burns and scalds. [2 marks]
(b)(i)Explain the term health screening. [2 marks]
(ii)Name three air pollutants. [3 marks]
(c) (i) List two factors that influence the choice of consumer products. [2 marks]
(ii) Discuss cholera under the following headings:
- causative agent;
- mode of transmission;
- signs and symptoms;
- prevention.
Observation
Few candidatesattempted this question. They had difficulties giving concise answers to
9(a)(i) and (iii). Questions 9(b)(ii) and 9(c)(i) were quite easy as many candidates were able to name types of air pollutants and list factors that influence the choice of consumer products. Question 9(c)(ii) however proved difficult for many candidates to answer.
The expected answers are:
(a)(i) Meaning of artificial insemination
This is the process of introducing sperm/semen; into the uterus/oviduct; for the purpose of achieving pregnancy; without sexual intercourse.
(ii) Examples of sexually transmitted infections
- Gonorrhoea/Gonorrhea
- Syphilis
- HIV/AIDS
- Human Papillomavirus
- Genital herpes
- Chlamydia
- Candidiasis
- Trichomoniasis
- Chancroid
- Lymphogranuloma venereum
- Granuloma inguinale
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Scabies
Note: Spellings must be correct to score.
(iii) Causes of burns and scalds
Burns Scalds
- Fire Hot water/soup
- Hot solid Hot oil
- Friction Steam
- Excess heat/sun Hot objects/stoves/iron/coals
- Electricity
- Corrosive chemicals/acids
- Gas
(b) (i) Health screening
Health screening involves the use of medical tests/ examinations; to detect
ailments/diseases; to determine the health status of the individual.
(ii) Air pollutants
- Smoke/soot
- Fumes
- Dust
- Gases/carbon monoxide/chlorine gas/sulphur dioxide/nitrogen dioxide
- Pollen grains
- Lead/lead oxide
- Ozone
- Chlorofluorocarbon/CFC
(c)(i) Factors that influence the choice of consumer products
- Advertisement/media
- Packaging/presentation
- Peer influence
- Family size
- Cost/price
- Affordability/economic status
- Trade mark
- Manufacture/expiry date
(ii)Cholera
(I) Causative agent:
Vibrio cholerae/bacteria
(II) Mode of transmission:
- Drinking contaminated water
- Eating contaminated food
(III) Signs and symptoms:
- Profuse vomitting
- Nausea/diarrhea/diarrhoea
- Dehydration/loss of body fluid
- Emaciation
- Shock
- Palpitation
- General body weakness.
(IV) Prevention
- Immunization/vaccination
- Environmental sanitation
- Disinfection of the environment/Fumigation
- Drinking of potable water
- Sensitization/awareness/Health Education
- Personal hygiene
- Food items should be well cooked/handled /washed properly.