Observation

This was unpopular and very few of the candidates attempted it. Most of them could not identify rulers from Ogiso dynasty and the general contribution of the dynasty to the establishment of Benin kingdom which make them to score low marks. However, candidates are expected to mention the under listed points:

(a)       

(i)         Igodo;                         (xi)       Eubuobo;                     (xxi)     Efeseke;
(ii)        Ere;                              (xii)      Ogbeide;                     (xxii)    Irudia;
(iii)       Orire;                           (xiii)     Emehe;                        (xxxiii)             Imarhan;
(iv)       Odia;                           (xiv)     Ekpigho;                      (xxiv)   Etebowe;
(v)        Ighido;                        (xv)      Akhuankhuan;             (xxv)    Odion;
(vi)       Emose;                                    (xvi)     Ediae;                          (xxvi)   Ohuede;
(vii)      Ororo;                          (xvii)    Orriagba;                     (xxvii)  Oduwa;
(viii)     Erebo;                          (xviii)   Odoligie;                     (xxviii)             Obioye
(ix)       Ogbomo;                     (xix)     Uwa;                           (xxix)   Arigho;
(x)        Agbonzeke;                 (xx)      Ehenedem;                  (xxx)    Owodo;
(xxxi)   Obagode.

(b)        (i)         Establishment of the Benin monarchy.
(ii)        Creation of Benin chieftaincy system.
(iii)       Formation of crafts/guilds or unions.
(iv)       Formation of the Ughoroni e.g. official recorders of Benin history.
(v)        Unification of the various people of Benin into a Kingdom.
(vi)       Establishment of diplomatic relations with the Portuguese.
(vii)      Establishment of long distant trade with their neighbours.
(viii)     The dynasty encouraged the introduction of Christianity.
(ix)       Maintenance of relative peace in the Kingdom.