Observation

This question required the candidates to express their submission on those factors that led to the study of Hadith after the death of the Prophet (S.A.W.). Those who failed this question are those candidates without adequate understanding and those that failed to highlight factors that led to the study of Hadith after the Prophet’s death. The general performances were below average. The following points were expected from the candidates:

Hadith means words, actions and silent/tacit approval of the Prophet (S.A.W.) (Introduction).

1. During the life time of the Prophet (S.A.W.) and even after his death, his companions (Aṣḥāb) used to refer to him directly, when quoting his sayings.
2. The successors ( Tābi cūn) followed suit as some of them used to quote the Prophet (S.A.W) through the companions while others would omit the intermediate authorities.
3. Many companions of the Prophet (S.A.W.) committed themselves to the study of the Hadith.
4. It has also been noted that prominent companions e.g. cAli, ibn Mascūd and ibn ‘Abbās would advise the Tābicūn to learn the Hadith.
5. The transmission of Hadith   was passed down from generation to generation.
6. Thousands upon thousands of people began to transmit Ḥadith.
7. Consequently, deliberate fabrication of Aḥādīth by various sects led to the revival of the study of Hadith.
8. As time passed by, more reports were involved in each Isnād, so the situation demanded strict discipline in the acceptance of Aḥādīth.
9. These led to the verification of authentic Ḥadith.
10. Likewise, the science of Matn (text) took root.
11. The science of Asmā’ ar-Rijāl came into study.
12. The desire of the Muslims to follow the Sunnah of the Prophet (S.A.W.) also served as a factor.