Observation

This question was slightly popular among the candidates. However, there were various levels of performances. Some candidates responded appropriately while other responded wrongly to the question. This made such candidates to lose valuable marks. Candidates should have given some of the following responses to the question:

(a)        (i)         Single Lens Reflex (SLR)/35mm Camera (Manual/Auto).
(ii)        Range Finder/Direct Vision Camera.
(iii)       Compact (Point and Shoot) Camera.
(iv)       Medium Format Camera (Twin-Lens Reflex Camera and SLR)
(vii)      Instamatic Camera/ Instant
(vii)      Large Format Camera/ View camera

(i)         Manual Single Lens Reflex Camera (SLR or 35 mm)

-           It has only one lens
-           Uses mirror and prism
-           It uses 35mm film
-           It has wind-on lever to advance film
-           It has through-the-lens metering signals
-           The view finder is directly connected to the lens
-           It has ability to use different types of lenses
-           It is portable (can easily be taken anywhere)
-           It can be used with an external flash.
-           It has wind-on lever to advance film.
-           It can use different types of lenses
-           Camera features are set manually i.e Aperture, Shutter speed combination for exposure

(ii)        Automatic Single Lens Reflex Camera
-           It uses 35mm film
-           Film advance is automatic
-           The camera cannot function without batteries
-           It has ability to use different types of lenses
-           It can be used with an external flash
-           It allows through-the-lens viewing

   (iii)       Range Finder or Direct Vision
-           It uses 35mm film
-           The view finder is separated from the lens
-           The image is viewed directly through the view finder
-           It can be used with external flash
-           They are mostly with fixed lens
-           It has no mirror
-           It is light in weight because of its simple design
-           It is quiet in operation.

   (iv)       Compact (Point and Shoot) Camera
-           It has in-built flash
-           It has fixed focal length lens
-           It is mostly autofocus
-           It is light in weight
-           It has metering system

  (v)        Medium Format Camera (SLR Camera)
-           It uses 120/220 Roll films with film format (6 x 6, 6 x 7, 4.5 x 6 cm, etc.) as decided by the camera make
-           It allows for higher quality prints
-           Mostly with detachable/removable interchangeable backs
-           It can use different types of interchangeable lenses

   (vi)       Twins Lens Reflex Camera
-           It uses 120/220 Roll films with film format (6 x 6, 4.5 x 6 cm, etc.) as decided by the camera make

-           It allows for higher quality prints
-           Mostly with detachable/removable interchangeable backs
-           It can use different types of interchangeable lenses
-           Designed with two (2) lenses
-           It has an upper lens for view and lower lens for picture taking
-           It has flip up hood mechanism for viewing
-           It uses leaf shutter in the lens.

    (vii)      Instamatic/ Instant Camera
-           It produces finished images a few seconds after exposure
-           Its operation is fully automatic
-           It has a fixed lens system
-           It has electronic flash (in-built)
-           It use chemical coated film
-           It is easy to operate
-           It can only produce one copy at a time.

    (viii)     Large Format Camera/ View Camera
-           It has either a monorail or baseboard design
-           Focusing is achieved with extending and flexible bellows
-           It uses sheet film i.e 4 x 5, 8 x 10
-           Its negative is very big requiring little enlargement
-           It has high quality image definition
-           It cannot be used without a tripod
-           It has separate viewfinders from the lens.
-           It is used mainly in the studio