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Physical education 2 , May/June 2008  
Questions:   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10   Main
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question 9

  • Define the term handicap;.
  • List four examples of physical handicap.
  • Sate two functions of each of the following parts of the human brain:
                     (i)        Cerebellum;
                     (ii)       Cerebrum;
                     (iii)      Medulla oblongata.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Observation

This question was attempted by many candidates. While the candidates answered fairly question 9(b), their performance in questions 9(a) and 9(c) was poor.

The correct answers include

Definition of Handicap
A condition which incapacitates a person either mentally/physically/socially, usually caused at birth by inheritance/accident/disease/any other causes.

Examples of Physical handicap:

  • Lameness
  • Paraplegia
  • Complete/partial blindness
  • Deafness Dumb/deaf/stammerer

Functions of parts of the human brain:
(i)        Cerebellum

  • Maintains muscular tone
  • Controls and coordinates the movements of various groups of muscles
  • Maintains the balance and equilibrium of the body
  • Influences the contraction of skeletal muscles

(ii)       Cerebrum:

  • Initiates and controls the contraction of voluntary muscle
  • Responsible for memory/intelligence/reasoning/emotions
  • Controls sensory perception/pain/temperature/touchlsound/smell etc.
  • Interprets all conscious sensation.

  (iii)    Medulla oblongata:

  • Controls muscular movements
  • Controls the rate and force of heart beat
  • Controls the rate and depth of respiration
  • Controls reflex actions
  • Controls vasoconstriction and vasodilatation of blood vessels.
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