waecE-LEARNING
Physical education 1 , May/June 2012  
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General Comments
Weakness/Remedies
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question 7

   State five effects of poor posture.                                                             [5 marks]

State five factors that can influence physical fitness                                      [5 marks]

 

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Observation

 

This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was poor.  In part (a)   candidates wrote wrong answers by writing: it leads to postural defects, e.g. lordosis, scoliosis, kyphosis, flat foot and k-leg.

In part (b) candidates misconstrued the question with components of physical fitness such as agility, coordination, flexibility, endurance, power, strength, speed, balance, cardio-respiratory humidity, mental alertness and emotional stability.

The expected answers were as follows:                                       

7 (a)  Effects of poor posture

  •    muscle tone is reduced
  •    psychologically harmful/the person appears unattractive
  •    impairment of blood circulation and lymph/retention of fluid in the ankles/ankles     become swollen
  •    poor functioning of the digestive tract due to sagging abdomen/named e.g. heart burn, loss of appetite, constipation
  •    poor functioning of the lungs due to cramped chest/difficulty in breathing
  •    head hanging forward/bent trunk/result in common deformity
  •    strain on muscles/early fatigue
  •     inhibits performance in physical activities
  •     lowers the diaphragm and stretches the heart

 (b)       Factors influencing physical fitness
           

  •    heredity
  •    training/exercise
  •    age
  •    health status/condition
  •    psychological factor – interest, courage, determination
  •    weight/height/body type
  •    nutrition
  •    occupation
  •    sex
  •    health habits – proper rest, relaxation, sleep, medical and dental care
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