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question 7
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State five effects of poor posture. [5 marks]
State five factors that can influence physical fitness [5 marks]
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This question was attempted by many candidates and their performance was poor. In part (a) candidates wrote wrong answers by writing: it leads to postural defects, e.g. lordosis, scoliosis, kyphosis, flat foot and k-leg.
In part (b) candidates misconstrued the question with components of physical fitness such as agility, coordination, flexibility, endurance, power, strength, speed, balance, cardio-respiratory humidity, mental alertness and emotional stability.
The expected answers were as follows:
7 (a) Effects of poor posture
- muscle tone is reduced
- psychologically harmful/the person appears unattractive
- impairment of blood circulation and lymph/retention of fluid in the ankles/ankles become swollen
- poor functioning of the digestive tract due to sagging abdomen/named e.g. heart burn, loss of appetite, constipation
- poor functioning of the lungs due to cramped chest/difficulty in breathing
- head hanging forward/bent trunk/result in common deformity
- strain on muscles/early fatigue
- inhibits performance in physical activities
- lowers the diaphragm and stretches the heart
(b) Factors influencing physical fitness
- heredity
- training/exercise
- age
- health status/condition
- psychological factor – interest, courage, determination
- weight/height/body type
- nutrition
- occupation
- sex
- health habits – proper rest, relaxation, sleep, medical and dental care
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