Biology Paper 2, WASSCE (PC 1ST)2019

Question 1

 

  1. Name five vertebrae in mammals with their corresponding locations in the table below.

    [10 marks]


  2. State one function each of the following parts in a dicotyledonous leaf:

    1. palisade;

    2. vascular bundle;

    3. epidermis.

      [3 marks]


  3. State one function each of the following parts in the stem of a flowering plant:


    1. sieve tube;

    2. cortex;

    3. pith.

      [3 marks]


  4. In a tabular form, state:

    1. two external structural differences between the stem and root of a maize seeding.

      [2 marks]


    2. two internal structural differences between the stem and root of a maize seeding.

      [2 marks]


                                                                                                                                  

Observation

A few candidates could name the vertebrae in mammals with their location. Those that lost marks lost them to the spelling of the vertebrae.

Many candidates could not state the function of the listed parts in a dicotyledonous leaf and the stem of a flowering plant.


The expected answers are:

    1. Vertebrae with corresponding location


    2. Vertebrae

      Location

      Cervical

      Neck

      Thoracic

      Chest/thorax

      Lumbar

      Abdomen/upper abdomen/loi;

      Sacral

      Hip/Lower abdome

      Caudal

      Tail/coccyx

      Note: Correct location x 1 mark


      Correct vertebrae x 1 mark


      Vertebrae spellings must be correct to score


    3. Function of


      1. Palisade

      2. - Manufactures food/carries out photosynthesis/site of photosynthesis;.


        - Contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis..


      3. Vascular bundle.

      4. - Contains xylem for transport of water/mineral salts/phloem for translocation of manufactured organic substances/hormones;.

        - Provides mechanical support.

      5. Epidermis

      6. .

        - It keeps the leaf’s shape;.

        - Reduces water loss/evaporation;.

        - Protects the internal structures of a leaf;.

        - Contains stomata for gaseous exchange.

    4. Function of

      1. Sieve tube

      2. Translocates/transports manufactured foods to other parts of the plant.

      3. Cortex

      4. - The cells of cortex store starch;

        - Outer cortex cells of green stems contain chloroplasts and make food by photosynthesis/chlorophyllus cortex cells manufacture food.

      5. Pith

      6. - Cells of pith act as packing/food storage tissues;

        - Supports the stem.

    5. Structural differences
    6. External structural differences between stem and root of a maize seedling Note: Points must correspond to score.

      Stem of a maize seedling

      Root of a maize seedling

      - Fibrous root absent

      fibrous root present;

      - Chlorophyllus/greenish

      non chlorophyllus/non-greenish;

      - Leaves are present

      leaves are absent;;

      - Thicker in sizel

      thinner in size;

      - Coleoptiles/shoot sheath present

      coleoptiles/shoot sheath absent;

      - Coleorhizae/radicle sheath absent

      coleorhizae/radicle sheath present.

Just a few of the candidates could conveniently answer (d). others could not correspond their answers.