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Question 2
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QUESTION 2
(a)(i) Mention three components of a fish pond. [3 marks]
(ii) State one function of each of the components mentioned in 2(a) (i) above. [3 marks]
(b)(i) Distinguish between polyculture and monoculture. [4 marks]
(ii) Describe any two management systems in aquaculture. [10 marks] |
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This question was fairly attempted by the candidates. In 2(a)(i-ii), majority of the candidates were able to mention the components of a fish pond but most of them were unable to state the functions of the components of a fish pond. Also, in 2(b)(i-ii), majority of the candidates were able to distinguish between polyculture and monoculture but most of them could not describe management systems in aquaculture.
The expected answers include:
2 (a)(ii) Functions of the components of a fish pond
Inlet
- To let water into the pond/impoundment
- To prevent unwanted aquatic organisms from entering the
pond
Outlet/monk/spillway/stand pipe/overflow spout
- To keep water at a suitable level in the pond
- To allow for draining of the pond
- To prevent overflow/flooding of pond
Embankment/dyke/wall
- Holds water in the pond
- Houses the cultured organism(fish)
- Prevents seepage/leakage of water
Freeboard
- Prevents fishes from jumping out of pond
- Prevents flooding of pond
Core trench
- Reinforces the dyke built with low clay soil to avoid seepage
Harvesting basin
- Collection point for all fishes during total harvesting/for easy removal
(b)(ii) Description of management systems in aquaculture
Intensive system
- High stocking density
- Feeding of fish with complete diet
- High production costs
- High use of technology/aeration/recirculatory system/flow-through system
- Very high yield
- Short production period/cycle
- Mainly commercial
Semi intensive system
- Moderate stocking rate
- Use of supplementary feeding
- Pond fertilization is done
- Occasional flushing of pond water
- Moderate production cost
- Moderate /low level of technology is adopted
- Yield is moderate
Extensive system
- Simplest method of fish culture
- Low stocking rate
- Little or no use of fertilizer
- Little or no use of supplementary feed/fish depends on natural
food
- Relatively low level of technology especially during harvesting
- Low input
- Low yield/output
- Low production cost
- Long production period/cycle |
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