(a)      Write notes on:

1. dispersed settlement;
2. linear settlement.

(b)     Explain any four factors that favour the location of settlements

(c)      Outline any three functions of urban settlement.

This question was not answered by most of the candidates.Among those that answered it, some could only give one point each on dispersed and linear settlements.The expected answers on dispersed and linear settlements are:

Dispersed Settlement

• made of several houses;
• scattered or dispersed in nature;
• one house may be up to one kilometer or more from the next;
• associated with rural farming communities;
• has few social amenities;
• mainly involved in primary activities;
• farmlands usually behind the buildings;
• district boundaries separate one family land from another;
• farmlands are intensively tilled;
• inhabitants have quiet social life.

Linear Settlement

• stretches along physical features, e.g. elongated escarpment, lakes, stream, etc;
• could be along straight or curved communication lines;
• could be along railways, roads, footpaths etc;
• mainly rural in nature;
• may constitute extensions of towns on their outskirts
• sub-linear where roads meet;
• could be several kilometers in length;
• gardens are located behind the houses;
• farmlands are behind the gardens.

Some of the candidates could not outline the functions of urban settlements.The functions of urban settlements are:

• administrative/political function;
• provides high order services;
• centres of innovation;
• commercial functions;
• provides social services;
• educational centres;
• recreational function;
• industrial function;
• provision of employment;
• cultural/religious function;
• residential function;
• port activities.