Health Education Paper 2 WASSCE (SC), 2020

Question 8

 

(a) State five features each of growth and development in:

i. adolescent boy;  [5 marks]

ii. adolescent girls [5 marks]

(b) An individual is diagnosed with cancer.

i. State five risk factors for the occurrence of the disease     [5 marks]

ii. Mention five ways of preventing the disease.    [5 marks]

 

 

Observation

 

This question was attempted by majority of the candidates and their performance was fair.
 
The expected answers are as follows
(a) Features of growth and development in
      (i) adolescent boys

  • Increase in muscle mass;
  • Enlargement of the testicles;
  • Penis grows longer/fuller;
  • Broadening of the shoulder;
  • Development of Adam’s apple;
  • Appearance/growth of facial hair;
  • Increase in weight/height;
  • Occurrence of wet dreams;
  • Voice becomes thicker/coarse/deepen;
  • Production of sperms;
  • Appearance of pubic hair/arm pit/chest hair;
  • Growth of pimples on face.

                                                                                                     
(ii) adolescent girls             

  • Increase in muscle mass;
  • Enlargement of the breast;
  • Broadening of the hips;
  • Appearance of pubic/armpit hair
  • Increase in body fat;
  • Peak increase in height/weight;
  • Voice might become thinner;
  • Onset of menstruation/ovulation;
  • Growth of pimples on face;
  • Develop spindle waistline.

 

 (b) (i) Risk factors for the occurrence of cancer in humans

  • Family history/heredity;
  • Late menopause;
  • Diet/lacking in Vitamins/minerals/roughage;
  • Diabetes;
  • Being overweight/obesity;
  • High blood pressure;
  • Excessive intake of fatty foods;
  • Ageing;
  • Sedentary living/inactivity;
  • Poor oral hygiene;
  • Excessive drinking of Alcohol/drug addiction;
  • Excessive smoking of cigarettes/Tobacco;
  • Exposure to chemicals/carcinogens/named.

                                                                                                     

(ii) Ways of preventing cancer in humans

  • Eating healthy diet;
  • Avoiding early sexual activity;
  • Avoiding contact with hazardous chemicals/carcinogens;
  • Engaging in physical activities/exercise;
  • Having regular medical check-up/screening;
  • Immunization against blood cancer/Hepatitis;
  • Conducting health education/sensitization programmes;
  • Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption;
  • Avoiding excessive smoking/tobacco use;
  • Having personal hygiene/cleanliness;
  • Avoiding exposure to radiation/excessive sunray.                                                    
  • Cautious use of light rays/named.