Question 9
- State one function each of the following First Aid materials:
- iodine;
- hydrogen peroxide;
- splint;
- sling;
- gauze
2. State:
- four characteristics of a happy family; [4 marks]
- four family life challenges. [4 marks]
3. State three functions of mineral salt in humans. [3 marks]
4. State four causes of flood [4 marks]
Observation
Majority of the candidates were able to state one function of the listed First Aid materials. Characteristics of a happy family and family life challenges were also easily provided. Some
candidates however lost vital marks to poor spellings.
The expected answers are:
(a) Function of:
(i) iodine
- Stops bleeding from wound /cut
- Prevents contamination
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Cleans/sanitizes/sterilizes wound
- aids healing
(iii) Splint
- To support/align fractured limbs
- To promote/assist healing
(iv) Sling
To support dislocated/broken arm
To prevent further damages/complication
(v) Gauze
To cover/dress wound
To prevent infection
(b) (i) Characteristics of a happy family
- Mutual understanding
- Good communication
- Acceptability of responsibilities
- Enjoy good health
- Care for one another/respect one another
- Love one another/trust one another
- Obey rules and regulations/conform with norms and values of the family
- Resolving conflicts without a third party
(ii) Family life challenges
- Extra-marital affairs/promiscuity
- Availability of house help
- In-laws intrusion/interference
- Single parenthood
- Divorce
- Pre-marital affairs
- Economic constraint/poverty/unemployment
- Bareness/inability to produce offspring
- Conflicts in values
(c) Functions of mineral salts in humans
They
- are useful in the formation of bones/teeth
- regulate/enhance/facilitate chemical reactions
- enhance blood clotting
- are important in blood formation
- useful in production of thyroxin/named
- necessary for the utilization of iron in the blood
- regulate fluid balance/osmoregulation
- prevent deficiency disease/named
(d) Causes of flood
- heavy rainfall
- overflowing of river
- poor drainage system
- improper refuse disposal/blocking the waterways
- building along river ways
- deforestation
- structural breakdown e.g. dams
- cyclone/storms/Tsunami