Question 8
A student drank two litres of an alcoholic beverage and smoked two sticks of cigarettes before attending classes.
- State six social effects of the habit. [6 marks]
- Mention four ways by which the student could control the habit. [4 marks]
- Name three disorders and diseases that the student could be exposed to. [3 marks]
- Name three components of tobacco. [3 marks]
- State two other ways by which tobacco could be consumed. [2 marks]
- Suggest two likely reasons why the student engages in the habit. [2 marks]
Observation
Majority of the candidates responded to this question and their performance was above average.
In part (a), majority of the candidates stated the social effects of alcoholism and cigarette In part (b), majority of the candidates were able to mention four ways by which the student could control the habit.
In part (c), majority of the candidates named the disorders and diseases that students could be exposed to.
In part (d), They also listed the components of tobacco, but missed their spellings.
In part (e), majority of the candidates stated two other ways by which tobacco could be consumed.
In part (f), majority of the candidates suggested the likely reasons why the student engages in the habit.
The expected answers are:
(a) Social effects of the habit/alcoholism and cigarette smoking
- Juvenile delinquence/drop out of school
- Rape
- Cultism
- Aggression/domestic violence
- Bullying
- Stealing
- Fighting
- Peer influence
- Unruly behaviour
- Poor academic performance
- Truancy/absenteeism
- Poor judgement
- Poor relationship with others
- Social stigma/isolation/ostracism
- Loss of esteem/respect/shame/dented image
- Depression/mental disorder
- Risk of accidents/injury
- Financial problems
- Limited career opportunity
(b) Ways of controlling the habit of alcoholism and cigarette smoking
- Counselling/rehabilitation
- Recreation/engaging in physical/sporting activities
- Enlightenment/mass education
- Close monitoring/supervision
- Skill acquisition
- Regulate sale of alcohol/cigarette
- Increase taxes on alcohol and cigarette
- Avoid bad peer group
(c) Disorders and Diseases that an alcoholic and cigarette smoker may be exposed to
- Lung cancer/chronic bronchitis/tuberculosis
- Emphysema/Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(C.O.P.D)
- Coronary heart disease/high blood pressure
- Cancer of mouth/throat/oesophagus/named
- Liver disease/cirrhosis/named
- Stroke/brain damage/dementia
- Kidney failure
(d) Components of Tobacco
- Nicotine
- Carbon (II) oxide/carbon monoxide
- Benzene
- Formaldehyde
- Nitrogen oxide
- Hydrogen cyanide
- Tar
(e) Other ways of consuming tobacco
- Sniffing/inhaling
- Chewing/oral/drinking/applying on gum
- Anal
- Topical/applying on the skin
(f) Likely reasons why the student drinks alcohol and smokes cigarette
- Curiosity
- Experimentation
- Peer influence
- To remove boredom
- To stay awake/get high
- Culture
- Relaxation
- To relieve stress
- Availability
- Advertisement
- Ignorance of the bad effect
- Rebellion
- Lack of parental advice