Question 6
The diagram below illustrates a developmental stage in humans. Study it and answer questions 6(a) to 6(f).
(a) Name the parts labelled I,II,III and IV. [4 marks]
(b) (i) State two functions each of the parts labeled II and III. [4 marks]
(ii) State one function each of the parts labeled I and IV.
(c) Mention four food nutrients needed by the part labeled IV [4 marks]
(d) Which of the labelled parts could be referred to as afterbirth? [1 mark]
(e) State five habits of the mother that could adversely affect the part labelled IV.
Observation
Many candidates attempted this question and performed well in it. Vital marks were however lost to poor
spellings and articulation of answers.
The expected answers are:
(a)Name of labelled parts
I – Placenta
II – Umbilical cord
III – Cervix
IV – Baby/Embryo/Foetus
(b) (i) Function of parts
II/Umbilical cord
- For the transport of nutrients from mother to embryo
- For transporting wastes from the embryo to the mother
- Connects embryo to the mother
- Transports blood/oxygen from mother to embryo
III/Cervix
- Keeps foetus locked in preventing it from premature birth
- Secretes mucus to keep the vagina lubricated
- Allows passage of foetus out of mothers pelvis
(ii) Function of parts
I/Placenta
- For the exchange of materials between mother and embryo
- For transporting wastes from the baby to the mothers
- Produces hormones/ named
IV/Baby/Embryo/Foetus
- Ingests nutrients from the mother
- Increases in size/grows
(c) Food nutrients needed by the part labelled IV
- Carbohydrate/Energy-giving food/named
- Protein/body building food/ named
- Fats and oil/lipids
- Minerals/named
- Vitamins
(d)The part referred to as afterbirth
I/Placenta
(e)Habits of the mother that could adversely affect the part labelled IV
- Smoking
- Drinking alcohol/ drinking caffeinated beverages
- Eating unbalanced/ unhealthy diet
- Exposure to X-rays/ultraviolet rays
- Drug abuse/intake of harmful substances
- Lack of exercise/being overweight
- Overstressing