Question 5
- (a) Give five differences between Spartan Physical Education and Athenian Physical
Education. [5 marks]
(b) Mention five objectives of the National Sports Festival. [5 marks]
Observation
Majority of the candidates did not respond to this question.
In part (a), majority of the candidates could not give five differences between Spartan Physical Education and Athenian Physical Education.
In part (b), majority of the candidates could not mention five objectives of the National Sports Festival.
The expected answers are as follows:
(a) DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPARTAN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND
ATHENIAN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
SPARTA |
ATHENS |
Youths are trained to be physically developed |
Youths are trained for all round development |
The training place was called Barracks |
The training place was called Palestrae |
Girls were trained for physical fitness in the barracks |
Girls were only trained for household arts at home |
Children left home / their parents at the age of six years |
Children left home at age of seven years |
Activities were very strenuous to keep them fit |
Activities were less strenuous including music, drama and literature |
After training, the youths served in the army till they were too old to serve |
After training, youth were discharged and only recalled when the need arose |
The safety of the nation was foremost |
Individual freedom was foremost |
Militarism was emphasized |
Intellectualism was emphasized |
Warfare was emphasized |
Emphasis was on aesthetics and body beauty |
Education was state controlled/mandatory/compulsory |
Education was not state controlled/mandatory/compulsory |
(b) OBJECTIVES OF THE NATIONAL SPORTS FESTIVAL
- To build robust talents / pool of athletes
- To enhance and elevate sports at grassroots level
- To establish a standard programme for athletes’ succession
- To help in the development/upgrading sports nationwide
- To curb age cheating in sports
- For better understanding and friendly relationship amongst the states of the Federation
- To promote cultural interaction and respect
- To serve as a means of public entertainment/fun and enjoyment
- To discourage all forms of discrimination/promote national identity among the various ethnic groups
- To foster sense of patriotism and nationalism
- To encourage early participation in sports
- To engage young athletes in the Olympic movement skill development and social responsibility
- To enhance cultural and educational development
- To promote National Unity/Peace
- For economic gains
- National pride
- To develop sports officials and administrators