Question 1
1. (a) What is first aid?
(b) List four types of minor accidents that require first aid.
(c) Define the following properties of metals.
(i) elasticity;
(ii) ductility;
(iii) brittleness;
(iv) toughness.
Observation
Most of the candidates who attempted this question provided correct responses. The required responses are given below.
- First aid is the immediate assistance rendered to an accident victim in form of minor
treatment before being taken to the hospital.
(b) Minor accidents that require first aid include
- electric shock;
- abrasion/bruises;
- cut;
- burns/scald;
- arc eye;
- dislocation;
- inhaling toxic fumes;
- muscle strain/sprain.
(c) (i) Elasticity is the property of metal that enables it to return to its original
shape after the removal of load.
(ii) Ductility is the ability of a metal to be drawn into thin wire without breaking.
(iii) Brittleness is the property of a metal that makes it to break with very little deformation.
(iv) Toughness is the ability of a metal to resist deformation when subjected to sudden heavy loads.