This question was well attempted by the candidates.  In 1(a), majority of the candidates were able to give the reasons for keeping farm animals.  They could also classify cattle, goat, rabbit, horse, donkey, pig, snail and honeybee into ruminants and non ruminants as required in 1(b).
However in 1(c)(i – ii), most of the candidates could neither state the advantages of artificial insemination nor state the functions of the rumen.
The expected answers include:                      
 1 (c) (i) Advantages of artificial insemination

  -           It is cheaper to import semen/transport semen than the live male
  -          Optimal use of semen/one male can be used for several females                                      
  -          The semen of a desired sire can be used even after death
            -           Less space is required to keep male animals for breeding purpose
 -          Saves the cost of maintaining males            
 -          Semen of old/injured animals/overweight sires can be used
            -           It helps in planning breeding programme
            -           Minimal labour is required to keep sire for
                        breeding purpose                                                         
 -          Prevents the spread of sexually transmitted diseases
 -         It aids better record keeping
 -         There is high rate of conception and productivity/breeding efficiency  
                              
(c) (ii)  Functions of the rumen
            -           Temporary storage of food
            -           Digestion of feed nutrients
            -           Soften fibre/feed
            -           Fermentation of cellulose/fibre/feed
            -           Provides suitable environment for microbial protein synthesis
            -           Synthesis of vitamins B complex and K
-           Production of enteric gas e.g CH4, CO2, H2                                                                        
            -           Production of volatile fatty acids e.g. acetate, butyrate, propionate   
            -           Absorption of certain nutrient occurs from the wall of the rumen
            -           Assists in the act of rumination
            -           Utilization of non-protein nitrogenous compounds
            -           Accommodates micro-organisms
            -           Mixing/churning of digesta/regurgitation
            -           Serves as passage way of digesta/chyme to the reticulum