Observation

 A good number of candidates were able to:  
-           state three safety precautions to be observed during trench excavation.
-           state three preliminary operations that are carried out on a site.

However, many of them failed to explain the ratio 1:1:2 in relation to mortar mix.

The expected response to question 2 is as given below:

 2(a)   Three safety Precaution to be observed during trench excavation:
(i)Provision of lighting at night;

(ii)Provision of timbering to safeguard the trench sides;

(iii)Placing warning signs;

(iv)Avoid placing  heavy equipment near the trench sides;

(v)Timbering must be inspected before working in the trench.

(b)        1:1:2 in relation to mortar mix

            This is a type of mortar in which lime is included in the mix in addition to cement in the
ratio of 1part of cement to 1part of lime to 2 parts of sand.
                                                                                   
(c)        three preliminary operations that are carried out on site:

(i) Site exploration/ site investigation;

(ii)Site clearing / leveling;

(iii)Construction of access road.