Observation

This was not a popular question and many of the candidates avoided the question. Few of the candidates who attempted it did not understand the demands of the question and scored low marks. The candidates were expected to write the following points as answers to the question.

1. Inadequate funding for operations
2. Inadequate/poor logistics
3. Poor/inadequate staffing
4. Poor conditions of service
5. Corruption, nepotism and favouritism
6. Negative work attitudes
7. Misappropriation and embezzlement of public funds
8. Political manipulation/interference
9. Political patronage
10. Overstaffing
11. Misplaced priorities
12. Shift in focus and assigned mandate
13. Poor policy direction
14. Inconsistencies in policy implementation
15. Inadequate research into organizational strategies
16. Non-existent competition
17. Poor evaluation and assessment of the operations of the institutions
18. Poor and incompetent/inefficient leadership
19. Inadequate capacity building/training
20. Weak application of the constitution and other laws
21. Ineffective civil society organizations
22. The existence of a compromised media
23. Political instability
24. Undue administrative bottlenecks e.g., “red-tapeism”, bureaucracy etc.