Question 3
(a) State five:
(i) challenges that make conservation of resources difficult;
[5 marks]
(ii) ways by which the Government of a country ensures conservation of natural resources.
[5 marks]
(b) What is an endangered species?
[3 marks]
Observation
(c) A child with blood group O was born to a mother of blood group A.
(i) What is the blood group genotype of the child?
[1 marks]
(ii) What are the possible blood group genotypes of the father?
[3 marks]
(d) State three reasons why genetic variation is important to plants.
[3 marks]
This was the most popular question answered by candidates as per it is on conservation and variation.
A few candidates were able to define endangered species while others showed little knowledge about it.
Candidates could not really give a good answer to (c) and (d).
The expected answers are:
(a) (i) Challenges that make the conservation of resources difficult
- Limited land area for development leads to the rapid destruction of the natural forest;
- Over grazing/over fishing;
- Poaching/ killing of endangered species;
- Bush burning/poor farming methods;
- Over cultivation of land;
- High demand for timber that has resulted in the felling of trees/indiscriminate cutting of trees for firewood;
- Damming of rivers for hydro-electricity and irrigation has resulted in the alteration of the ecosystem;
- Lack of awareness of the populace and policy makers of the need for conservation/lack of education;
- Improper enforcement of existing laws/poor leadership;
- Forest fire.
- Inadequate funding in conservation.
- Lack of international/local cooperation on conservation.
- Illegal/unlawful exploitation of minerals..
(ii) Ways by which Government ensures the conservation of resources.
- Creation of parks/gardens/wildlife/zoo/reserves.
- Putting in place a chemical and toxic waste dump programmes to avoid water pollution.
- Enactment of conservation laws.
- Enforcement of conservation laws.
- Creating awareness/education through the media.
- Establishment of conservation fund.
- Training of conservation personnel/employing experts to manage natural resources;
- Establishing local and international cooperation.
- Aforestation/planting of trees.
(b) Endangered species
<<<<<<< HEAD
Species whose population has become so small; that it can completely be wiped out/become extinct; if not properly managed.
(c)
(i) Genotype of child
Species whose population has become so small; that it can completely be wiped out/become extinct; if not properly managed. (c)
(i) Genotype of child
=======Species whose population has become so small; that it can completely be wiped out/become extinct; if not properly managed.
(c)
(i) Genotype of child
>>>>>>> 7f340c9d35df42b552af1c9bae5ef8379ef4f964
OO
(ii)Genotype of the father
OO; AO; BO
(d)Importance of genetic variation to plants
- It enables plants to spread to colonies/new areas
- It may enable plants to survive harsh/adverse conditions/environments
- It may enable plants to be resistant to diseases
- It gives rise to varieties of desirable plant species
- It makes plants produce better fruits/yield;
<<<<<<< HEAD
It makes plants produce early yield.
=======
It makes plants produce early yield.
>>>>>>> 7f340c9d35df42b552af1c9bae5ef8379ef4f964