Biology Paper 2, WASSCE (PC 1ST)2019

Question 3

 

(a) State five:

(i) challenges that make conservation of resources difficult;

[5 marks]


(ii) ways by which the Government of a country ensures conservation of natural resources.

[5 marks]


(b) What is an endangered species?

[3 marks]


                                                                                                                    

Observation

 

(c) A child with blood group O was born to a mother of blood group A.


(i) What is the blood group genotype of the child?

[1 marks]


(ii) What are the possible blood group genotypes of the father?

[3 marks]


(d) State three reasons why genetic variation is important to plants.

[3 marks]


This was the most popular question answered by candidates as per it is on conservation and variation.


A few candidates were able to define endangered species while others showed little knowledge about it.


Candidates could not really give a good answer to (c) and (d).


The expected answers are:


(a) (i) Challenges that make the conservation of resources difficult

- Limited land area for development leads to the rapid destruction of the natural forest;


- Over grazing/over fishing;


- Poaching/ killing of endangered species;


- Bush burning/poor farming methods;


- Over cultivation of land;


- High demand for timber that has resulted in the felling of trees/indiscriminate cutting of trees for firewood;


- Damming of rivers for hydro-electricity and irrigation has resulted in the alteration of the ecosystem;


- Lack of awareness of the populace and policy makers of the need for conservation/lack of education;


- Improper enforcement of existing laws/poor leadership;


- Forest fire.


- Inadequate funding in conservation.


- Lack of international/local cooperation on conservation.


- Illegal/unlawful exploitation of minerals..


(ii) Ways by which Government ensures the conservation of resources.


- Creation of parks/gardens/wildlife/zoo/reserves.


- Putting in place a chemical and toxic waste dump programmes to avoid water pollution.


- Enactment of conservation laws.


- Enforcement of conservation laws.


- Creating awareness/education through the media.


- Establishment of conservation fund.


- Training of conservation personnel/employing experts to manage natural resources;


- Establishing local and international cooperation.

- Aforestation/planting of trees.


(b) Endangered species
<<<<<<< HEAD

Species whose population has become so small; that it can completely be wiped out/become extinct; if not properly managed.


(c)

(i) Genotype of child


Species whose population has become so small; that it can completely be wiped out/become extinct; if not properly managed. (c)

(i) Genotype of child

=======

Species whose population has become so small; that it can completely be wiped out/become extinct; if not properly managed.


(c)

(i) Genotype of child


>>>>>>> 7f340c9d35df42b552af1c9bae5ef8379ef4f964

OO

(ii)

Genotype of the father


OO; AO; BO

(d)

Importance of genetic variation to plants


- It enables plants to spread to colonies/new areas


- It may enable plants to survive harsh/adverse conditions/environments


- It may enable plants to be resistant to diseases


- It gives rise to varieties of desirable plant species


- It makes plants produce better fruits/yield;


<<<<<<< HEAD

It makes plants produce early yield.


=======

It makes plants produce early yield.


>>>>>>> 7f340c9d35df42b552af1c9bae5ef8379ef4f964