Observation

This question was fairly attempted by the candidates.  In 4(a), most of the candidates could define subsistence fisheries. Majority of them could also mention quality parameters of water in a fish pond as well as the methods used in measuring them as required in 4(b)(i-ii). However, majority of them could neither differentiate between artisanal fisheries and industrial fisheries, nor describe fishing methods such as hooking, trapping and gill netting as required in 4(c) and 4(d) respectively.

The expected answers include:

4 (c)    Differences between artisanal fisheries and industrial fisheries
-      In artisanal fisheries gear used are simple and hand operated
                    but in industrial fisheries gear are large and mechanically operated
-      In artisanal fisheries crafts are simple and traditional
                    but in industrial fisheries crafts are large and motorized
-      Artisanal fisheries is labour intensive with low capital investment
                    but in  industrial fisheries it is capital intensive with low labour
-      Productivity and income is low in artisanal fisheries
                    but very high in industrial fisheries

(d)     Description of methods of fishing

            (i)    Hooking
-           Lines fitted with hooks with or without bait is set in water
-           Fish swallows hook and gets caught      

(ii)   Trapping
-         Objects like boxes, bottles etc are set in water
-         Fish gets trapped and are caught

                                                                                               
(iii)  Gill netting
-       Net is set across the water
-       Fish put head into mesh
-      Net enters operculum/gills and fish are caught