Question 1
Define each of the following terms:
(i) fisheries;
(ii) fishery. [4 marks]
(b)A pond measures 10 m by 20 m by 1.5 m in length, breadth and depth respectively. Determine the:
(i) area of the pond;
(ii) volume of the pond;
(iii) number of fish that could be stocked in the pond if the stocking rate is 8 fish/m2. [6 marks]
(c) State three factors that should be considered when selecting a site for the construction of a fish pond. [3 marks]
(d) Define the term induced breeding. [2 marks]
(e) Outline five steps involved in induced breeding. [5 marks]
Observation
This question was well attempted, but their performance was below average.
In part (a), majority of the candidates could not give correct definitions of fisheries and fishery.
In part (b), majority of the candidates could not determine the area of the pond. In addition to this, they could not determine the number of fish that could be stocked in the pond.
In part (c), majority of the candidates could not state three factors that should be considered when selecting a site for the construction of a fish pond.
In part (d), majority of the candidates explained induced breeding instead of writing its definition.
In part (e), majority of the candidates did not outline the steps in in induced breeding in sequence.
The expected answers include:
(a) (i) FisheriesFisheries could be defined as all processes involved in the production, processing, handling, preservation and marketing of fishery organisms.
OR
Fisheries could be defined as different types of fishery viewed together.
OR
Fisheries could be defined as the study of all aquatic organisms useful to man.
(ii)Fishery
It is an aspect of fish production such as fish culture, processing, marketing and distribution of fishery organisms.
(bi) Area of pond (A)
A = L x B L - Length
= 10 m x 20 m B - Breath
= 200 m2
(ii) Volume of pond (V)
V = L x B x D D – Depth of pond
= 10 m x 20 m x 1.5 m
= 300 m3
(iii) Description of fish pond
(c) Factors to consider when selecting a site for fish pond construction
- soil type
- water source
- topography/slope of the land
- vegetation
- availability/closeness to market
- accessibility of site
(d)Induced breeding
It is defined as the artificial propagation of fish seed/ offsprings by crossing a sexually matured male fish with a sexually matured female fish.
OR The hormonal inducement of fish breeders to produce fish seed.
(e)Steps involved in induced breeding
- broodstock selection
- conditioning
- hormone administration/inducement/injection
- eggs stripping
- milt extraction
- fertilization of egg
- incubation of fertilized egg
- nursing of hatchings