Observation

 

This question was popular among the candidates, and their performance was good.
In part (a), a few candidates could explain zooplankton, and gave examples of natural fish food.

In part (b), majority of the candidates could not state the advantages of culture fisheries.

In part (c), majority of the candidates could not state sources of poor sanitation at fish landing site. However, they were able to name fishing gear in capture fisheries.

The expected answers include:

(a) (i) Explanation of zooplankton
These are animal microorganism existing in water bodies which serve as natural food to fish

(ii)Natural fish food
- phytoplankton/algae
- insect
- mollusc
- tadpoles
- fish
- macrophytes/aquatic weed
- zooplankton
- maggots
- earthworms

(b)iAdvantages of culture fisheries
- restocking of natural bodies by providing seeds
- production of bait fish for capture fisheries
- production of sport fish
- very efficient than other forms of agriculture
- important source of protein for the world’s growing population
- production of ornamental fish
- provides employment and income
- source of foreign exchange earnings

(ii)Disadvantages of culture fisheries
- Fish species are cultured, limiting consumers’ choice
- Pond effluents pollute natural water bodies
- High incidence of diseases
- High risk of failure due to mortality and poor growth of fish
- Requires more management effort/technical know-how

(c)(i)Source of poor sanitation at fish landing sites

- oil spills
- broken down vessels/abandoned vessels
- damaged gears
- human waste
- damaged craft parts
- household waste
- polythene bags
- market waste

(ii)Fishing gears in capture fisheries
- cast net/drag net
- purse seine net
- trawl
- scoop net
- beach seine
- hook and line
- long line
- pole and line
- traps
- gill net
- harpoon/spear