Observation

(a)This is an expository essay which requires the candidate to write on how to improve the living standard of the people of the country. In doing so, he is expected to highlight some points which should include the following:

            Gabatarwa:

• Taqaitaccen bayani a kan halin da jama’ar qasa suke ciki dangane da:

- Halin zamantakewarsu;
- Mu’amalarsu da walwalarsu;
- Muhallinsu;
- Lafiyarsu da abincinsu;
- Iliminsu da tarbiyyarsu;
- Tattalin arziqinsu;
- Sana’o’i da ayyukansu;
- Tsaron dukiya da lafiyarsu, da sauransu.

                        Yadda za a kyautata rayuwar jama’ar qasa:

• Tallafawa masu qanana da matsakaitan sana’o’i;
• Kyakkyawan shugabanci a dukkan matakai;
• Kula da kyautata muhalli dangane da:

 

- Tsabta;
- Kare aukuwar annoba;
- Dashen itatuwa;
- Zaizayar qasa;
- Ambaliyar ruwa,
- Kyakkyawan tsarin gina gidaje da garuruwa, da sauransu.

- Inganta noma da kiwo;

- Wayar da kan jama’a dangane da dukkan manufofin gwamnati;
- Sauraron koke-koken jama’a da xaukar matakan da suka dace; 

• Samar da sana’o’i da ayyukan yi ga ‘yan qasa;
• Samar da ingantaccen tsarin tsaro;
• Samar da ingantaccen ilimi da tarbiyya;
• Samar da ingantattun matakan kula da lafiya;
• Samar da abinci ga al’ummar qasa a wadace;
• Samar da kyakkyawan tsari domin kyautata rayuwar matasa da marasa galihu da gajiyayyu;
• Samar da abubuwan sauqaqa rayuwa kamar:

      - Wutar lantarki;
      - Ruwan sha;
      - Hanyoyin sufuri.

 

Candidates’ performance in this question was encouraging.

(b)This question is a narrative essay and the candidate is required to write on a television programme that excited him. He is expected to capture some important topics, and some scenes that were discussed or presented in the programme. Some major features and points required should include the following:

  Shirin gidan Talabijin:

        Gabatarwa:

-  Sunan gidan talabijin xin;
-  Sunan shirin;           
-  Sunan wanda ya gabatar da shirin;
-  Lokacin da aka gabatar da shirin;
-  Ranar da aka gabatar da shirin;
Abin da ya bayar da sha’awa a shirin:

-  Batun da aka tattauna a kai;
-  Qwarewar mai gabatar da shirin;
-  Abin da aka qaru da shi a cikin shirin;
-  Qwarewar baqo ko baqin da aka tattauna da su;
-  Hausar da aka yi amfani da ita, da sauransu.

(c) This is a formal letter.  The candidate was required to write a letter to his Divisional Police Officer complaining about the negative effect of drug abuse on the youth. The following features of letter writing and points should be reflected:

 

Rubutun Wasiqa:

• Sigar Wasiqa:

• Adireshin mai rubutu;
• Kwanan wata;
• Adireshin wanda aka rutbuta wa;
• Gaisuwar ban girma;
• Taken wasiqa;
• Rufewa.

 

• Gundarin Wasiqa:

Manufa/dalilin rubuta wasiqa:

• Yawaitar shaye-shayen miyagun qwayoyi da matasa suke yi kamar shan :

 

      -  Shisha;
      -  Shalisho;
      -  Tabar wiwi;
      -  Tramadol;
      -  Kodin;
      -  Kashin qadangare;
      -  Tururin masai;
      -  Ashana;
      -  Kyankyasai
      -  Hodar iblis;
      -  Zaqami, da sauransu.

                        III.       Kammalawa:

• Yin taqaitaccen bayani a kan illolin shaye-shayen miyagun    qwayoyi:

- Rashin tarbiyya;
- Gusar da hankali;
- Illa ga lafiyar jiki;
- Almubazzaranci;
- Zubar da mutunci;
- Qyamata ga al’umma, da sauransu.

Many candidates attempted the question and their performance was good.

 

(d)Muhawara:

- Gabatarwa:
- Yin taqaitaccen bayani game da manufar hana shigowa da
  abinci;

- Xaukar matsaya dangane da:

Goyon bayan dokar;

                        Ko

         Rashin goyon bayan dokar.

Goyon bayan dokar:

Kawo hujjoji kamar haka:

•   Bunqasa sana’ar noma;
• Kawo dogaro da kai ta fuskar abinci;
• Kawo wadatar abinci;
• Bunqasar tattalin arziqin qasa;
• Inganta lafiyar al’umma;
• Kawar da yunwa;
• Samar da tsare-tsare masu inganci domin tallafawa manoma;
• Samar da dabarun noma da iraruwa masu inganci;
• Magance zaman banza;
• Xaukaka darajar noma da ta manoma;
• Inganta tsaron qasa da al’ummarta, da sauransu.

Rashin goyon bayan dokar:

            Kawo hujjoji kamar haka:

• Raunana hulxa da qasashen qetare;
• Kawo tsadar abinci a qasa;
• Kawo hauhawar kayan masarufi;
• Haifar da tsadar filayen noma;
• Haifar da tsadar abinci;
• Haifar da qarancin filayen noma;
• Haifar da rikici a tsakanin manoma da makiyaya;
• Satar kayan amfanin gona;
• Kawo qaruwar masu aikata laifuka;
• Kawo raguwar haraji ga qasa;
• Karyewar wasu ‘yan kasuwa, da sauransu.                    

 

Many candidates attempted the question and their performance was commendable.

(e) The statement above is a proverb which means: What God had ordained, no one can  change.   The candidate is expected to give its meaning, narrate a story that will illustrate the proverb and further identify other similar proverbs, for example:

 

i Ma’anar karin magana:

Karin maganar yana nuna cewa, yin nukura ga wanda Allah ya ba shi nasara a rayuwa, ba ya hana shi ci gaba.

 

 ii  Karin magana masu kama da wannan:

• Zakaran da Allah ya nufa da cara, ko ana muzuru ana shaho sai ya yi.
• Idan rana ta fito, tafin hannu ba ya kare ta.                                     
• Hassada ga mai rabo taki.
• Tun ranar gini, tun ranar zane.
• Rabo rawani ne, kowa na shi yana zuwa.
• Rabon kwaxo, ba ya hawa sama.
• Qaddara ta riga fata.

 

 iii  Kawo labarin da zai bayyana ma’anar karin maganar.

Few candidates attempted the question and their performance was fair.