Observation

Candidate was required to define chiefdom in (a) and explain how a chiefdom is ruled in (b). The following points should be considered as relevant:

 (a) Ma’anar masarauta:

            Masarauta tana nufin qasa wadda take qarqashin mulki ko ikon wani sarki.

(b) Matakan da ake bi wajen gudanar da masarauta:

    A kawo bayani wanda zai qunshi muhimman batutuwa kamar haka:

• Gundumomi da hakimai;
• Garuruwa da dagatai;
• Unguwanni da masu unguwanni;
• Jama’ar gari, halayensu da tarihinsu;
• Matakan mulki da ayyukan da ake gudanarwa a kowane mataki;
• Tsaron qasa;
• Tattalin arziqin qasa:

-  Haraji;
   - Jangali;
   - Tara, da sauransu.
    - Shugabannin masu sana’o’i;
 
Candidates who attempted this question performed very well.