Observation

 

1. Hanyoyin da za a bi don guje wa gurɓacewar muhalli a ƙasar nan.

This is an expository essay which required candidates to write on measures that can be taken to prevent pollution in the country. In doing so, they were expected to observe the features of essay writing and highlight some points which should include the following:

 

1.                         Gabatarwa:

 

Bayani a kan muhalli da gurɓacewarsa.

Gundarin jawabi:

Bayar da damar kafa kamfanonin kula da muhalli masu zaman kansu;
Ɗaukar ƙwararrun malaman tsabta da duba gari da samar da su a wadace;
Gina wadatattun magudanan ruwa da yashe su a kai-a kai;
Hukunta masu karya dokar tsabtace muhalli;
Hana sare itatuwa ba bisa ƙa’ida ba;
Hana amfani da leda ba bisa ƙa’ida ba;
Hana ƙona dazuzzuka;
Hana haƙar ma’adanai ba bisa ƙa’ida ba;
Hukunta masu cin iyaka a garuruwa, da gonaki, da gandun daji;
Inganta aikin malaman tsabta da duba gari;
Kawar da tsofaffin ababen hawa a kan tituna;
Samar da wadatattun wuraren zubar da shara da kula da su;
Samar da wadatattun kayan aikin tsabtace muhalli;
Samar da ingantattun hanyoyin zubar da dagwalon masana’antu;
Samar da kamfanonin sarrafa shara da alkinta yanayi.
Samar da kyakkyawan tsarin gina gidaje a garuruwa;
Tabbatar da gina masana’antu nesa da matsugunan jama’a;
Wayar da kan jama’a game da illolin gurɓacewar muhalli.

Kammalawa:

Yin taƙaitaccen bayani a kan abubuwan da aka tattauna.    

 

Candidates’ performance in this question was encouraging.

 

2. Suturar da na fi so.

The question is on descriptive essay; it required the candidates to write on his favourite cloth. In attempting the question, candidates were expected to capture the following features and points:

 

            Gabatarwa:

                                    Bayani a kan sutura;
Bayyana irin suturar da aka fi so.

        Gundarin jawabi:

            Bayanin sutura:

            Ta maza:
Malum-malum;
Hula;
Jallabiyya;
Kaftani da wando;
Rawani;
’Yar shara.

Ta mata:

                        Doguwar riga;
Gyale;
Hijabi;
Kallabi;
Riga da zani.

Ta maza da mata;
Ta yara maza;
Ta yara mata;
Ta sarauta:
Aska;
Alkyabba;
Girke;
Jabba;
Kubta;
Saƙi.
Ta zamani:

                        Shigar Turawa;
Shigar Larabawa.

            Ta aiki ko sana’a:

                        Lauyoyi;
Likitoci;
Injiniyoyi;
Mayaƙa;
Kayan sarki;
’Yan farauta.
Kammalawa:

            Yin taƙaitaccen bayani da jaddada dalilin da ya sa aka fi son wannan sutura.

Many candidates attempted the question and performed well.

 

 

3. Bayyana ra’ayinka dangane da dacewa ko rashin dacewa a bar ɗalibai su yi amfani da wayar salula a makarantu.

The question is on argumentative essay, it sought the opinion of the candidates on whether it is appropriate or inappropriate to allow students to use cellular phones in schools. The following features and points should be considered as relevant:

 

            Gabatarwa:

Bayani a kan wayar salula;
Amfanin wayar salula ga ɗalibai;
Rashin amfanin wayar salula ga ɗalibai;
Fayyace ra’ayi.

Gundarin jawabi (dacewa):

            Kawo hujjoji:

            Adana bayanai;
            Ba wa iyaye damar sanin halin da ’ya’yansu suke ciki a makaranta a ko da yaushe;
Sauƙaƙa harkokin karatu da nazarce-nazarce;
Samun labarai da ɗumi-ɗuminsu;
Sanin halin da duniya take ciki;
Fitila ce;
Taimakawa wajen inganta tsaro a tsakanin ɗalibai da makaranta   baki ɗaya;
Samar da walwala da nishaɗi ga ɗalibai;
Ƙarfafa zumunci a tsakanin ɗalibai;
Sanin inda suke a kowane lokaci.

                        Gundarin jawabi (rashin dacewa)

Kawo hujjoji:

            Shagaltar da ɗalibai game da karatu;
            Gurɓata tarbiyya;
            Gurɓata tunani;
            Taimakawa wajen yaɗa miyagun manufofi a tsakanin ɗalibai;
            Amfani da ita wajen yin satar jarabawa;
            Tana taimakawa wajen dakushewar ƙwaƙwalwa;
            Tana gusar da ɗabi’ar karanta littattafai a zuciyar ɗalibai;
            Tana hana ɗalibai amfani da lokacinsu yadda ya dace;
Tana sa ɗalibai lalata kayan lantarki da jone-jonen wuta ba bisa ƙa’ida ba;
            Tana haddasa rikici da sace-sace a tsakanin ɗalibai.

                        Kammalawa (dacewa ko rashin dacewa):

                                    Yin taƙaitaccen bayani da jaddada ra’ayin da aka ɗauka.

Many candidates attempted the question and their performance was good.

 

(d)  Rubuta wasiƙa zuwa ga shugaban makarantarku, ka bayyana masa dalilan da suka sa kake son ajin fasaha a maimakon na kimiyya.

 

This is a formal letter writing. Candidates were required to write a letter to their school Principal explaining to him why they prepared art class than science class. The following features of letter writing and points should be reflected:

i           Sigar wasiƙa:

            Adireshin mai rubutu;
                                                Kwanan wata;
                                                Adireshin wanda aka rubuta wa;
                                                Sallamar buɗewa (zuwa ga);
                                                Taken wasiƙa;
                                                Sallamar rufewa ( Daga/Ni ne/ Ni ce).

                        ii          Gundarin wasiƙa:

                                                Gabatar da dalilin rubuta wasiƙa;

                                                Kawo dalilan da suka sa ake son ajin fasaha:

                                                Sha’awa;
                                                Sauƙin samun gurbin karatu a makarantar gaba;
                                                Samun tallafin karatu;
                                                Samun guraben aiki da wuri;
                                                Samun damar dogaro da kai;
                                                Sauƙin cin jarabawa;
                                                Taƙaitaccen lokacin karatu;
                                                Wadatar ƙwararrun malamai a fannin;
                                                Wadatar kayan gwaje-gwaje a fannin;
                                                Yalwar littattafan karatu a fannin.                

Candidates’ performance in this question was fair and some are not familiar with the features of letter writing in Hausa.

 

(e)  Kowa ya ce garinsu da nisa, ba a ɗaure shi ya kwance ba.

The question is proverbial which says “Everyone that said their town is far away, he was not jailed and escaped”. In attempting the question, the candidates were expected to state the meaning of the proverb, give examples of similar proverbs and narrate a story that will describe the proverb. The following points should be reflected and considered as relevant. 

Gabatarwa:

Karin maganar yana nufin duk wanda ya ce ba zai iya yin wani abu ba saboda wahalarsa bai samu kansa cikin halin ƙaƙa-nika-yi ba ne. Tana kuma nuna cewa, mutum yana iya aikata abin da ba ya tsammani domin ya tsira daga wata wahala ko halaka.

                         Karin magana masu ma’ana kwatankwacin wannan:

                        Ba gagararre sai bararre.
                        In ka ga ƙi-gudu, sa-gudu bai zo ba.
                        In ka ji ana raka ni kashi, to ba zawo ba ne.
                        Kowa ya ce bai iya kukan mutuwa ba, uwarsa ba ta mutu ba.

           Gundarin jawabi:

            Kawo labarin da zai dace da ma’anar karin maganar.

Kammalawa:

            Yin taƙaitaccen bayani a kan dacewar labarin da aka kawo da karin maganar.

 

Few candidates attempted the question and their performance was fair.