TThis question was not popular among the candidates and their performance was poor. In part (a) (i) candidates could not correctly state functions of medulla oblongata and cerebrum. Candidates muddled the functions and wrote answers such as receives information, maintains the activities of the body, coordinates the brain as function medulla oblongata and in (a)(ii) few candidates did well but many went astray and wrote wrong answers such as sees that the heart beats regularly, ensures that coughing and sneezing are checked and assists the blood vessels to expand.
In part (b), many candidates could not correctly mention characteristics of muscle, many of the candidates wrote out of context such as voluntary muscle, smooth muscle and heart/cardiac muscle.
The expected answers were as follows:
7(a) FUNCTIONS OF
- MEDULLA OBLONGATA
- controls the rate and depth of respiration
- controls the expansion of blood vessels
- controls the rate of heart beat
- controls special centres responsible for swallowing/vomiting/secretion of saliva/gastric juice/temperature
- controls the act of choking/sneezing/coughing
- acts as passage for all impulses to and from the cerebrum
(ii) CEREBRUM
- receives all messages of sensation
- centre of consciousness/makes us aware of the existence of things
- controls all voluntary movements
- coordinates/compares/and retains impulses
- acts as the centre of memory and thought/thinking
- coordinates the activities of all other parts of the brain
- maintains unconscious control of the general activities of the body
(b) CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCLE
- contractility
- extensibility
- excitability
- elasticity